Background and Objective: Intraocular pressure varies throughout the night and day. The diurnal variation for normal eyes is between 3 and 6mmHg and the variation may increase in glaucomatous eyes. Hence, we wanted to investigate the effect of exercise on intraocular pressure changes in relation with Body Mass Index. Materials and Methods: The effect of exercise on intraocular pressure and blood pressure was evaluated in our clinical laboratory in 30 voluntary 1 st year Medical students of Kasturba Medical College Bejai, Mangalore after the institutional ethical clearance. Materials used in the study were schizont tonometer, Measuring tape, Weighing Scale, treadmill and Paracaine eye drops. After a resting period, the subjects height and weight was recorded, Paracaine eye drops were instilled in both the eyes and then intraocular pressure recorded using Schizont Tonometer after 2 min so that anaesthetics acts. Then they were asked to walk on treadmill with average speed till they were exhausted, again intraocular pressure was noted as above with all aseptic precautions. The statistical analysis was done using students unpaired t-test using SPSS software Results were expressed in terms of mean and standard deviation. p value was taken significant at 5 percent confidence level (p<0.05). Results: Intraocular pressure was measured according to BMI under two groups, first with group having BMI less than 22 and other in group having BMI more than 22. There was a significant decrease in intraocular pressure after exercise in group two with BMI more than 22. Gender wise comparison of intraocular pressure both before and after exercise did not reveal much significance. Blood pressure was also recorded both before and after exercise which did not reveal any significance in relation to BMI. Conclusion: From our study we conclude that exercise has significantly decreased the intraocular pressure and has a correlation with body mass index in young age group.

Introduction: Intra ocular pressure is an essential entity in maintaining the structural and functional integrity of eye ball. It varies in regular cycle in the normal eye for 24hour. In the present study, the diurnal variation of Heart rate, intra ocular pressure, systolic, diastolic, pulse and mean arterial pressures from 6AM to 6PM with every 2 hour interval was investigated. Methodology: The present study included 100 normal male healthy subjects from the Gulbarga city, recruited after their informed and written consent. Intra ocular pressure, Heart rate, Blood pressure, Temperature, Urine output and respiratory rate per minute was investigated in all the subjects. Diurnal variation of Intra ocular pressure, Blood pressure, heart rate was measured at every 2hrs from 6 AM to 6 PM. Result: The diurnal variation of Intra Ocular Pressure was significantly high (p<0.05). The diurnal variation of Heart Rate and Blood Pressure showed variations from 6AM to 6PM within physiological limits. Discussion: The diurnal variation of Intra Ocular Pressure, Heart Rate and Blood Pressure in early morning and at evening might be due to the combined homeostatic mechanism of autonomic nervous system and glucocorticoid release. Conclusion: Hence intra ocular pressure fluctuation more than 30 mmHg during diurnal variation water has diagnostic value towards development of latent Glaucoma.

Background and Objective: The physiological processes necessary for the functioning of the eye relate to the blood ocular barrier and circulation of intraocular fluid, maintenance of intraocular pressure and metabolism of the different ocular tissues. Hence, we wanted to investigate the effect of exercise on intraocular pressure changes in relation with Blood Pressure. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted at Kasturba Medical College Bejai, Mangalore after the institutional ethical clearance. After a resting period, the Blood pressure was recorded, Paracaine eye drops were instilled in both the eyes and intraocular pressure recorded using Schizont Tonometer after 2 min. Then they were asked to walk on treadmill with average speed till they were exhausted, again their blood pressure, intraocular pressure were noted as above with all aseptic precautions. The statistical analysis was done using students unpaired t-test using SPSS software Results were expressed in terms of mean and standard deviation. p value was taken significant at 5 percent confidence level (p<0.05). Results: In our study SBP showed significant increase (p=0.003) after exercise irrespective of sex. Comparison of IOP, SBP before and after exercise showed very high significant (p <0.001). DBP showed significant change with a p value of 0.023. The IOP has declined after exercise and SBP increased after exercise and there was a slight decrease in DBP. Conclusion: Our study showed that there was a significant rise of SBP after exercise and slight fall in DBP but, correlation with blood pressure and IOP did not reveal much significance which might be due to short duration of our study.

Introduction: Ingestion of water increase the blood volume, followed by increased hydrostatic pressure, which in turn increases the intra ocular pressure. The mechanism of diurnal intra ocular pressure variation is uncertain. The present study evaluates the effect of water load on diurnal variation of cardiovascular indices and intraocular pressure in healthy subjects. Methodology: This study included 100 normal male healthy subjects from the Gulbarga city, recruited after their informed and written consent. IOP, HR, SBP, DBP, PP and MAP before and after water drinking test for 2hrs in the morning and evening was measured every 15minutes till 2hrs. Result: The change in IOP of right eye and left eye before and after water drinking test during early morning showed statistically significant (p<0.05) rise. A statistically significant (P<0.001) change of HR, SBP, DBP, PP and MAP in the morning and evening before drinking 1 liter of water was recorded. Discussion: The variation in the parameters studied may be due to combined effect of autonomic nervous system and release of glucocorticoids. CONCLUSION: The intra ocular pressure fluctuation more than 30 mm Hg during diurnal variation of IOP and more than 8 mm Hg of IOP from pretreated value after drinking water has diagnostic value towards development of latent Glaucoma.

Background and Objective: Cardio-respiratory fitness refers to the ability of the circulatory and respiratory systems to supply oxygen to skeletal muscles during sustained physical activity. In the present study, the Cardio-Respiratory Fitness in Healthy Medical Students of Gulbarga District was investigated. Materials and Methods: The present work was conducted in the Dept. Of Physiology, M R Medical College, Gulbarga after the institutional ethical clearance. In this study, 50 healthy randomly selected students from medical college belongs to same socioeconomic status were included. Exercise was performed and data were recorded using automatic computerized treadmill. Lung Function Tests was performed using computerized vitalography. The data were analysed by paired't' test followed by one-way ANOVA. P value less than 0.05 was the level of significance. Results: The result reflects a Significant increase (p<0.001) in both pre and post exercise changes and a negative correlation(r= 0.048, p=0.05) between BMI and PFI score was observed. A significant increase (t=5.16, p<0.001) of exercise induced rise in SBP and no significant difference between pre and post exercise DBP was found. A non-significant change of vital capacity between pre and post exercise and changes of reduction of FEV1 (%) is found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion:The percent recovery of heart rate in medical students reflects a better cardiovascular efficiency.