Article HistoryThyroid function has been evaluated using Radioimmunoassay (RIA) and enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbent-assay (ELISA) techniques as a comparative study to determine the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity in addition to correlation with body mass index (BMI). For triiodothyronine (T3) measured by RIA, relatively ELISA showed sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 93.8%, 100% and 99.1% respectively and for thyroxin (T4), ELISA showed sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 79.3%, 89.4% and 86.8% respectively. And for thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) ELISA showed a sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 72.4%, 90.6% and 86% respectively and relative to RIA technique which is considered as standard goal. And for compensating the ELISA results to be same as RIA the following coefficient 0.72, 6.8 and 0.23 for T3, T4 and TSH respectively could be used. Also there is inverse linear relationship between the BMI and T3 and T4 using ELISA whereas the amount of T3 and T4 decreases by 0.006 nmol/kg/m2 and 0.051nmol/kg/m2 respectively. But TSH shows a direct linear relationship with BMI where TSH slightly increased by 0.007nmol/kg/m 2 .
This study aimed to determine the gray scale and color Doppler sonographic features of the most common and some of the least common scrotal lesions. Between October 2012 to May 2013, 100 patients the age range of new born to 85 years old the mean 30.95, with scrotal symptoms, who underwent scrotal ultrasonography (US), were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical presentation, outcome, and US results were analyzed. The presentation symptoms including scrotal pain, painless scrotal mass or swelling, and trauma. Sonographic features that were reviewed included the size and echogenicity of the tumors, presence of cystic areas or calcifications,and distribution pattern of detectable blood flow on color or power Doppler imaging..This study revealed that of 100 patients the age range of new born to 85 years old the mean 30.95 (7%) presented with Testicular torsion , (10%) with epididymitis, epididymo-orchitis (13%), abscess (5%) ,encysted hydrocele (8%), varicocele (10%), Spermatocele (5%) , testicular malignancy (13%), orchitis (4%), hematoma 8 (8%), Scrotal hemia 6 (6%), undecended testis 8 (8%) and lymphoma (3%). Operation (orchiodectomy) was done for 6 pateint (one for testicular torsion ,second one inguinal hernia and undecended testis, ,two of seminoma and one unsenimotous disease). Color Doppler ultrasonography accurately diagnosed all cases of epididymitis or epididymo-orchitis, spermatic cord injury, testicular torsion, varicocele, and hydrocele .US provides excellent anatomic detail, The study concluded that Color Doppler ultrasonography is an excellent, a safe, and reliable method for evaluating patients with scrotal diseases. It aids in diagnosis of testicular tumors and reduces the number of unnecessary exploratory operations. It is especially important in conditions like testicular torsion where immediate diagnosis is required.
The antigen secretion by ovarian cancer (CA-125) has been assessed using Radio Immune Assay (RIA) technique among a hundred ovarian cancer patients who received radiotherapy course as radical treatment. The study revealed that, the ovarian cancer commonly associated with the age groups of 30-40 years old taking a percent of 68 relative to other age groups and the antigen CA-125 does not has relation with aging. While the radiotherapy shows it is efficiency in management of ovarian cancer by reducing the antigen CA-125 level from 134 ± 13.3 U/ml to 5.5 ± 2.1 U/ml relative to normal level of CA-125 (35 U/ml). Also there is significant relationship between the cancer stage and the level of antigen CA-125 (R2=0.98).
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