Medicinal plants were applied widely in pharmaceutical research. Tilia L is one of these plants that contain different bioactive compounds e.g. tannins. Several studies referred to tannins capacity to interfere with cancer cell activities. This study aimed to investigate the effect of condensed tannins (CTs) extracted from tilia flowers on the proliferation and the migration activity of cancer cells. Purified and highly concentrated CT extracts (up to 90%) were prepared from leaves of tilia flowers (Tilia L.) that were gained using the Sephadex LH20 column. The analytical thiolysis and HPLC/MS assays were also conducted to determine CT contents, including compositions and concentrations. Serial concentrations of the purified CT extracts were prepared to detect their effects on the proliferation and migration activity of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In both time laps assays, the high concentrations of CTs (2.5mg/ml and 5mg/ml) were fatal to cancer cells. The lowest concentration (1.25mg/ml) delayed the cell doubling time 4-6 hours. Wound healing assay showed a significant reduction in wound closer of treated cells (1.25mg/ml) in comparison with control cells. These results reveal that the effectiveness of tilia flower extracts and suggested applying their CTs in anticancer pharmaceutical studies.
Tannins are a diverse group of plant phenolic compounds. Condensed tannins (CTs) represent a major subgroup of tannins and were extracted from tilia (Tilia L.) flowers and black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) leaves. These extracts were examined for their effects on the metabolic profile of chicken caeca. By using in vitro, a nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR), which was combined with multivariate statistics, the current study was applied for the first time to investigate how three different CT compositions, procyanidins (PC) and/or prodelphinidins (PD) units influenced the metabolic end-products in caecal contents of chickens. In the presence of tannins, glutamate, leucine, lysine, pyroglutamate, phenylalanine, proline, and sarcosine were significantly decreased. CT extracts significantly influenced the fermentation, increasing the concentrations of some fatty acids such as acetate, butyrate, and propionate whereas. In contrast, lactate decreased between the treatments. This study identified the key structural features of CTs that contain either high molar proportions of PD or PC, which might be useful to improve the efficiency of feed utilization in chickens.
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