The economic situation of Bangladesh as a middle income country due to Covid-19 however depends on the extent of the crisis. Its economic fate is closely tied to the fate of ready-made garments (RMG) and inward remittance. RMG sector accounts for around 80% of the country's total export earnings. A reduction in exports of as much as 84% in April 2020 compared with that of the previous year. More than 1,000 factories have been closed and 2.19 million out of 4 million workers lost their jobs. Remittances from Bangladeshi migrant workers are expected to fall by 25% this 2020. SME's are usually the worst hit at the times of economic disorder. Banks are trying to come to terms with the Ministry of Finance directive of 6% and 9% caps to interest rates on deposits and loans; vulnerable asset quality; moribund capital markets; and a struggling microfinance sector. The economy is now almost coming to a grinding halt with weakening effects on all sectors like educational systems, Banks, FDI, small business, tourism industries, dairy and vegetable producers etc. Daily wage earners are unable to buy food for their families. Hunger, malnutrition, and other problems that have always plagued Bangladesh are poised to intensify as a result of the lockdown. The current economic state may seriously undermine the livelihood of the underprivileged cohort of the population. Lack of access to basic healthcare, knowledge of hygiene and a social safety net have always been a challenge for this cohort.
Background: Buriganga is considered as one of the most important river in the country. But, its water quality has changed dramatically, which is responsible for creating unfavorable conditions for aquatic life. The main aim of this study was to investigate the removal capacity of pollutants mainly nitrogen present in the Buriganga river as the most polluted rivers in Bangladesh, by floating constructed wetland. Methods: This study was conducted under constant and variable shock loadings in two phases, namely 'Phase I' and 'Phase II' during 11 and 10 weeks, respectively, in which about 180 L of raw water was dosed into the tank containing a floating mat, and pollutant concentrations in the river water influent from the system were tested over a period of 21 weeks. Results: Floating treatment wetland (FTW) could sustain and remove about 31.25% and 19.23% of ammonia in the 9th and 10th weeks of Phase I, respectively, and 40.63% and 56.12% in the 17th and 18th weeks of Phase II, respectively. At first, ammonia was converted to ammonium, then, to nitrite, and finally, to nitrate. As the rhizosphere was denser and the biofilm was thicker in this study, so nitrogen removal efficiency during the application of shock loading in the 17th and 18th weeks of Phase II was considerable. The removal percentage of nitrite was 76.12 and 80%, respectively. In regular dosing of raw water in the 11th and 19th weeks in Phase I and Phase II, respectively, the total nitrate removal efficiencies from influent were 31.91 and 43.33%, respectively. Conclusion:As water resources are limited, so improvement of water quality of the polluted Buriganga river would act as an important source of reusable water.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.