Allelic diversity of HMW glutenin loci in several studies revealed that allelic combinations affect dough quality. Dx5 + Dy10 subunits are related to good baking quality and Dx2 + Dy12 are related to undesirable baking quality. One of the most regular methods to evaluate the baking quality is SDS-PAGE which is used to improve baking quality labs. Marker-assisted selection is the method which can recognize the alleles related to baking quality and this method is based on polymerase chain reaction. 10 pairs of specific primers related to Dx2, Dx2.1, Dx5, Dy10, and Dy12 subunits were used for recognizing baking quality of some wheat varieties and some mutant genotypes. Only 5 pairs of them could show the specific bands. All subunits were recognized by the primers except Dx2.1. Some of the primers were extracted from previous studies and the others were designed based on D genome subunits of wheat. SDS-PAGE method accomplished having confidence in these marker's results. To realize the effect of mutation, seed storage proteins were measured. It showed that mutation had effect on the amount of seed storage protein on the mutant seeds (which showed polymorphism).
Soil salinity is one of the major constraints affecting rice production worldwide. Goal of this research was evaluation of salt tolerance of new mutant rice germplasm and characterization of new salttolerant mutant rice promising lines with superior qualitative and quantitative traits. Salt tolerance of 56 promising mutant rice lines and 8 commercial and standard cultivars was investigated on standard evaluation scale of IRRI in an Augmented Design in salt affected soils of a rice farm with EC 6.5 dSm-1 in Pirbazar region of Rasht, Guilan province of Iran. Then, yield and yield components of 13 selective salt-tolerant promising lines were evaluated in a three replicated randomized complete block design in the same farm in the second year. Yield and yield components and some cooking parameters of these genotypes were analyzed. Mean analysis, principal component factor and biplot analysis of traits related to yield of studied genotypes under salt stress represented that promising line HM5-250-42-1-E (M12) was the most salt-tolerant genotype. The promising line produced 80% higher paddy yield than its famous parental landrace Hashemi in salt affected soils. Also, this promising line had some superior cooking parameters than other genotypes even the most famous Iranian high-quality landraces Hashemi and Tarom Mahalli. It seems that promising line M12 (HM5-250-42-1-E) is an ideal option for development of rice cultivation and production particularly in regions that are faced with salinity problem.
Fourteen rice mutant lines with four cultivars were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications in three locations in Iran (Rasht, ChaparSar and Fars province) during two growing seasons (2014-2016). In addition, a new index namely as equivalent index of stability and performance (EISP) is suggested for simultaneous evaluation of yield performance and stability. The heat map of yield performance and WAASB (weighted average of absolute scores based on BLUP (best linear unbiased prediction)) identified G3, G9, G6, G12 and G5 as highly productive and stable genotypes. Based on the analysis by multi-trait stability index (MTSI) G7, G5 and G1 were selected as superior genotypes. The top five superior genotypes based on harmonic mean and of the relative performance of genotypic values (HMRPGV) were G5, G12, G7, G2 and G1. For verification of EISP, its value was calculated for some of multi and univariate stability indices and identified genotypes G5 and G12 as the best ones. Principal component analysis indicated yield positively correlated with HMGV, RPGV, HMRPGV, EIS2P EIbP and EIPiP. In conclusion, G12, G5 and G9 had a significant advantage over all genotypes and could undergo selection or cultivar introduction processes.
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