Owing to the exceptional electrical properties of different one-dimensional (1-D) classifications of graphene structure such as graphene nanoribbon (GNR) and twisted graphene (TWG) led to a revolution in nanoelectronic research and applications. Thus, these materials have been extensively explored in nanoelectronics science and materials. This paper is focused on GNR and TWG junction as metal-semiconductor-metal (MSM) in the form of a transistor. The wave vectors of TWG and GNR based on the geometrical effects are discussed. By considering 1-D potential barrier at the junction of TWG as a semiconducting region and GNR as a metallic region, the transmission probability is calculated. Then, the I-V characteristics of GNR-TWG Schottky transistor based on quantum tunneling effect is presented and discussed. The performance of GNR-TWG Schottky transistor under variation of gate-source voltage, channel length, number of twists, width of GNR and temperature are investigated. It is concluded that increment in number of twists and width of GNR lead to increasing the drain current and threshold voltage. Finally, a comparison study with graphene nanoscroll (GNS) Schottky transistor, trilayer graphene nanoribbon (TGNR) Schottky transistor, and reported experimental data was performed and the results show that GNR-TWG Schottky transistor has larger drain current than these works.
Detecting ammonia gas in low concentration with proper selectivity is crucial due to its harmful effects on human health and industry. Even low ammonia concentration can cause a rapid burning sensation in the eyes, nose, and throat. In addition, it can react with copper, silver, and other heavy metals. Hence detecting the low concentrations of ammonia gas with proper selectivity is essential. Hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots introduced new properties and potentials for engineering applications and gas-sensing devices. A small perturbation from gas molecules can drastically alter the band structure of quantum dots. These changes in sub-bands can easily detect using the optical absorption spectrum. Using density functional theory, we have explored the difference in the optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots in the presence of ammonia gas molecules. Results show that different concentrations of ammonia can alter the maximum optical absorption to higher energies. In addition, a few peaks are obverse related to the transitions due to ammonia molecules in the system. The selectivity of the different gas molecules is also explored. The size of quantum dots increased from 32 to 168 atoms, and we realized that by increasing their size, similar properties could achieve. These results not only provide insights into the optical properties of hexagonal boron nitride quantum dots but also open the possibility of designing gas sensors based on such structures.
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