An efficient and new method for the synthesis of disulfides and sulfides via the reaction of aryl halides with ethyl potassium xanthogenate in the presence of MOF-199 is described. O-Ethyl-S-aryl ­carbonodithioate has a key role as an intermediate in this procedure; it was converted into symmetrical diaryl disulfides in DMF. Additionally, this could be applied to the synthesis of unsymmetrical aryl alkyl(aryl′) disulfides by the reaction with S-alkyl(aryl) sulfurothioates (Bunte salts) as well as unsymmetrical aryl alkyl(aryl′) sulfides in DMSO.

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Three-component condensation of phenylglyoxal, alkyl acetoacetates or acetylacetone and urea proceeds smoothly, catalyzed by ZnCl 2 , to afford the corresponding new 3,4-dihydropyrimidinones. This reaction is also catalyzed by AlCl 3 :ZnCl 2 (3:1) under microwave irradiation in solvent-free conditions. One-pot three-component condensation of dimethyl urea, acetylacetone or alkyl acetoacetate and phenylglyoxal catalyzed by ZnCl 2 or AlCl 3 :ZnCl 2 (3:1) yields new multisubstituted imidazoline-2-ones derivatives. Structures of products were studied by X-ray crystallographic data. The reaction of phenylglyoxal, urea andketoesters in the presence of hydrochloric acid produces only 5-phenylhydantoins.

NAS@Cu has synthesis simplicity given the availability of natural materials and has advantages such as being eco-friendly, high reactivity and recyclability.

A facile, efficient, and convenient method has been developed for the one-pot synthesis of symmetrical trithiocarbonates from carbon disulfide and various alkyl halides in the presence of KF/Al2O3 in DMF at room temperature.

In this research, natural asphalt as a mineral carbonuous material was converted to sodium natural asphalt sulfonate (Na-NAS) and, then, was linked to Fe3O4 MNPs in order to synthesize the magnetic nanocatalyst. Afterwards, Cupper (I) and Cu (II) was grafted on Fe3O4-PTMS-NAS. Moreover, it is worth mentioning that the synthesized the novel magnetic nanocatalyst (Fe3O4-PTMS-NAS@Cu) was successfully used in Suzuki and Stille coupling reactions. The Fe3O4-PTMS-NAS@Cu MNPs were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), inductively coupled plasma (ICP), BET and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Besides, sulfonation of natural asphalt, magnetization of catalyst, grafting of Cu (I) and Cu (II) to NAS and catalyst formation were investigated and proved carefully. This nanocatalyst can be comfortably separated from the reaction medium through an external magnetic field and can also be recovered and reused, while maintaining its catalytic activity.

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