Aims: To discover possible relationships between CXCL12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and determine an elevation of SDF-1α in patients with PID.Methods: Veins blood samples were aseptically collected from women of reproductive age with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and healthy control, attending in two hospitals of Babylon Province: Province: Babylon Maternity and Pediatrics Hospital, and Al-Mahaweel General Hospital, during the period from January to October 2018.The enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism and bacterial culture identification were, respectively, used to measure the plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1α level, stromal cellderived factor1 polymorphism in 45 healthy controls and in 43 patients with pelvic inflammatory disease before they received treatment protocols. Results:The concentration of plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1α was higher in patients with pelvic inflammatory disease compared to normal controls. There were significant correlations between plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1α level and white blood cell count in addition to between stromal cell-derived factor 1α level and neutrophil count in females with pelvic inflammatory disease.There was no significant different distribution of stromal cell-derived factor 1 genotypes between women with pelvic inflammatory disease and normal healthy controls. Patients with pelvic inflammatory disease having stromal cell-derived factor 1-3ʹ A allele were associated with significant different higher level of plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1α compared to patients with pelvic inflammatory disease having G/G homozygous alleles (P = 0.01). In healthy control, there was no significant difference in the level of plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1 concentration between women with and without stromal cell-derived factor 1-3ʹA allele. The concentration of CXCL12 was elevated in the patients with pelvic inflammatory disease than control healthy women and there were significantly different between them. In conclusion, A novel linkage and association was found between genetic variation of CXCL12 and pelvic inflammatory disease progression .