Objective: To determine the epidemiological aspects of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) in a regional trauma center. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with TBI during 2013 to 2016 in a single center in Hamedan, central Iran. The distribution and relationships of TBI was assessed with gender, age, type of trauma, traumatic cause, exiting status and Length of Hospitalization (LOH). Data were analyzed by Stata V11 statistical software. Results: In general, 9426 patients with TBI were enrolled in analyses. The mean ± SD age of patients was 29.70 (±21.46) years. Multivariate logistic regression indicated that being male [OR: 1.29; 95% CI (2.92-4.73), P ≤0.001], 41-50 to 71-80 and 90+ years old' age groups (1.325 days [OR: 2.01; 95% CI (1.60-2.52), p≤0.001] and different types of trauma were significantly related to mortality. Conclusion: TBI is one of the main causes of mortality and LOH of the young population. By providing preventive measures and a traumatic care system, the burden of trauma can be greatly reduced, the implementation of the trauma care system in Hamedan province is a necessity.

Background: Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) can cause numerous adverse effects on the spinal cord and neural tissues. These injuries may have negative effects on physical and psychological health during the lifespan. Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the epidemiology of TSCI in patients with trauma admitted to Bessat Hospital of Hamadan between 2007 and 2017. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3,219 patients with traumatic spinal injuries admitted to Bessat Hospital of Hamadan between 2007 and 2017. Data were collected from the hospital information system. Data analysis was performed using SPSS. Quantitative data were expressed as mean, standard deviation, and frequency, and qualitative data were analyzed using the chi-square and Fisher's exact tests. The significance level was considered to be less than 0.05. Results: Mortality was significantly associated with gender (P = 0.001), age (P = 0.051), external causes of injury (P = 0.001), and type of injury (P = 0.001). The length of hospital stay was significantly associated with the type of injury (P = 0.001) and external causes of injury (P = 0.001), whereas there was no significant relationship between the length of hospital stay and gender, age, and surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Mortality rates were highest at the age of 55 years or over among other age groups. Thus, effective interventions and programs should be implemented for this age group.

Background: Traumatic brain injury is one of the most important causes of death in trauma patients among the different types of trauma worldwide. In this study, the effect of Nanocurcumin on the outcome of severe traumatic brain injury, which was performed in humans for the first time, was investigated. Methods: This was a double-blind and paralleled randomized controlled study that was conducted on 128 patients aged 18 to 70 with severe brain trauma. Patients were randomly assigned to two control groups (Standard care treatment + placebo) and intervention group (Standard care treatment + oral Nanocurcumin with the dose of 500mg every 8 hours for three-weeks). Changes in the level of consciousness, cerebral edema, kidney function, liver enzymes, sodium and potassium electrolytes, and brain function of patients in both groups were followed up and compared until 6 months after discharge. Results: The mean and standard deviation of age (Mean + SD) for intervention group (14.44 ± 31.86 years) and control patients (14.86 ± 33.34 years) had no significant difference (p = 0.543). Both groups were similar in terms of gender (p = 0.669). The average level of consciousness of patients in the intervention group increased by about 3 units (p = 0.004) and more than 2 units (p = 0.002) at the time of discharge compared to the control group. By comparing the optimal performance of patients in the first (p = 0.389) and second (p = 0.309) trimesters after discharge, no significant difference was observed between the intervention and control groups. The amount of brain edema caused by severe brain trauma on the seventh day of treatment was lower in the intervention group than in the control group (p = 0.038). The two intervention and control groups did not differ in terms of coagulation factors, liver enzymes, kidney function and sodium on the third and seventh days of hospitalization (P ≥ 0.05). Conclusions: Administration of oral Nanocurcumin supplement in patients with severe brain trauma along with their routine treatment is effective in improving brain edema and their level of consciousness without causing coagulation, liver and kidney complications. These findings are not only statistically significant but also clinically important.