Background: Medical ethics is a vital quality for the doctors which has been seriously taken into consideration in recent years. Identifying the factors affecting medical ethics may help to develop more effective ways to promote this quality in medical education. This study was aimed to explain the challenges of hidden curriculum in learning the professional ethics among Iranian medical students. Materials and Methods: This qualitative study was performed on 15 medical interns of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences in 2019 using grounded theory (GT). Sampling was started by purposive sampling and continued through theoretical sampling until complete data saturation. Data collection and analysis were done simultaneously. Data were interpreted by the constant comparative method according to Strauss and Corbin's approach. Results: The results showed that the challenges of hidden curriculum for learning the professional ethics by medical students included a number of key concepts. Analyzing these concepts and taking into account the commonalities, we obtained six subthemes using a reduction inductive method, the main theme of which was "the challenge of hidden curriculum in learning the professional medical ethics". The subthemes included "decreased interest in medicine", "false beliefs", "curriculum weakness", "materialism and economic problems", "avoidance of responsibility", and "underlying problems of the medical profession". Conclusion: The findings indicated six challenges in the hidden curriculum for learning the professional medical ethics. These challenges can be considered a threat or an obstacle to achieving the goals of professional ethics. Therefore, curriculum planners, education policymakers, and teachers should plan and implement the professional ethics curriculum based on these factors.
Background and Objectives: Assessment is one of the most important factors involved in effective medical education. Direct observation of procedural skills (DOPS) assessment method requires direct observation of learners during the performance of clinical procedures on patients and providing appropriate feedback to learners. This research was carried out to evaluate the effect of DOPS assessment method on the clinical performance of radiology students at Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences.
Introduction:Contrast agents play an important role in increasing the efficiency of diagnostic imaging techniques in the evaluation of vascular lesions, infections and tumors. Annually more than 70 million radiology tests performed using contrast agent materials in the world. Side effects of contrast agent can belief-threaten, so that observing safety guideline prescribed a key role in the patient’s health.Aim:The aim of this study was evaluation of compliance with the instructions in the use of contrast agent materials in Kermanshah province Hospitals, West in Iran.Methods: In this cross-sectional study, five centers that were active in the administration of contrast agents were studied. The data collection tool, a checklist containing 49 safety principle of contrast agent material was administered that after confirming its validity and reliability were used. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and findings were presented using descriptive and analytical statistics.Findings:Results showed that the average age of the participants in this study 33.66 years.54% was male. 81.8% in the Radiology department and 18.2% were working in CT scan centers. 20.5% of prescribers the contrast agent assistant radiologist, and 79.5% was radiographer, respectively. 25% of them had passed training courses dealing with the acute effects of contrast agent. There was not a guideline to identify patients at high risk for adverse events and prevention and management of adverse reactions due to the side effects prescribing of contrast material in the imaging centers. This study showed that the overall safety of contrast agents in radiology departments only 2.3% appropriate and in 97.7% moderate.Conclusion:The results showed that the Safety observance of the use of contrast agents is not acceptable in many cases. Pregnancy and lactation control, sterile techniques during catheterization in non-inject able contrast agent was not acceptable. Monitoring the patients, use safety box in case of emergency and skilled use of defibrillator; observe this safety issues was rarely taken into consideration by prescribers of inject able contrast agents. The centers survey shows that there isn’t a standard guideline to identify patients at high risk and management of side effects of prescribed contrast agent.
The aim of this study is to assess the evaluation of radiation protection principles observance in dental radiography centers and hazards. This cross-sectional study was designed to assess level of radiation protection principles in dentistry centers. The present cross-sectional study was conducted by enrolling 103 dentistry centers in Kermanshah province (west of Iran). Our finding illustrates 75.7% of the centers were equipped with an intraoral radiography. Although observance principles of radiation protection for patient at dentistry center were at appropriate level (97.3%), the observance of the protective principles was not adequate for the skilled workers in any center. The most commonly used protective measure was the observance of a distance from patient (97.3%) and the minimum protective measures such as the use of high-speed film (1.4%). According to results in this study, the knowledge and practice of radiation protection are not satisfactory.
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