Context: Different paradoxical theories are available regarding psychiatric disorders. The current study aimed to establish a more comprehensive overall approach. Evidence Acquisition: This basic study examined ancient medical books. "The Canon" by Avicenna and "Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry" by Kaplan and Sadock were the most important and frequently consulted books in this study. Results: Four groups of temperaments were identified: high active, high flexible; high active, low flexible; low active, low flexible; and low active, high flexible. When temperament deteriorates personality, non-psychotic, and psychotic psychiatric disorders can develop. Conclusions: Temperaments can provide a basis to classify psychiatric disorders. Psychiatric disorders can be placed in a spectrum based on temperaments.
Aim of the studyPersonality is one of the most important factors affecting the treatment course of patients with psychiatric disorders. The present study aimed to find the possible relationship between personality factors and response to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors treatment for major depression.Subject or material and methodsIn the present prospective study, one hundred and seven patients with mild or moderate depression treated with citalopram, sertraline or fluoxetine for two months. Every patients were evaluated by Hamilton depression test (as pre-test and post-test) and Temperament and Character Inventory (as pre-test) and their response to treatment evaluated base on their Hamilton depression test. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA, chi- square, Pearson's correlation coefficients tests and logistic regression.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 39.7 years and most of the population were female (71.9%). The results showed that decrease in RD (OR=0.85, P=0.05) and age (OR=0.93, P=0.003), and increase in CO score (OR=1.32, P<0.001) had a significant effect on the likelihood of being responsive to the treatment.DiscussionThe present study demonstrated that the cooperativeness could be considered as an appropriate predictor of treatment response among responders and non-responders. The investigation of four groups revealed that those with complete response had higher cooperativeness and lower novelty seeking while the non-responsive group had higher Persistence and self-transcendence.ConclusionsTemperament and character or at least some of their traits may predispose response to depression treatment.
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