Thousands of plants are in medicinal use in Bangladesh. Paederia foetida L. is one of the most widely used plants among these for different types of ailments. This study was conducted to assess analgesic and neuropharmacological potential of aqueous, ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts of the plant leaf. Analgesic activity was evaluated at the dose of 400 mg/kg body weight by acetic acid induced writhing and formalin induced persistent pain tests while at the same dose sedative anxiolytic effect was examined by hole cross, open field and elevated plus maze tests on mice. The results showed that the ethanolic extracts significantly inhibit the nociceptive response in both acetic acid and formalin tests. The other two showed mild response. On the other hand, aqueous extract exhibited mild sedative action while rest of the two possess little sedative anxiolytic effect. These extracts of the plant leaf are yet to be explored for their specific mechanisms and absolute uses.
Open Field, Hole Cross and EPM are three widely acceptable experimental methods used to evaluate sedative-anxiolytic potential. The theories behind introducing these fields were to challenge the rodents to a novel environment. However, the behavioral changes caused by these environments often get influenced by rodent's identical neurologic conditions. The major challenges faced by the researchers are variations due to first administration against repeated administration, utilizing same rodent for another experiment but in different time or using different rodent for different experiments. Keeping the drawbacks in consideration, the present study undertook a newly modified (OF-HC-EPM) approach to integrate the experimental fields so as to utilize the same rodents with single oral administration for exposure to different fields which had allowed nullifying the risk of individual and time dependent variance. Anxiolytics, atypical antidepressants, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants as well as the combined anxiolytics and antidepressants were administered to Swiss Albino Mice and their respective behavioral changes were observed. The new approach proved to be an essential tool for evaluating neuropharmacological potentials.
Hyperthermia, hyperglycemia, depression are the most common physiological disorders found in third world countries where people are not well aware of their health condition as well as about their health practice. People in rural and tribal areas depend on the traditional system of medicine where allopathic medicines are not the first choice because of ethnicity and belief. The plant Crotalaria verrucosa is believed as one of the cures in traditional system of medicine for many ailments. The present study was performed to evaluate the antipyretic, antidiabetic, thrombolytic and depressive potential of the leaf extract of this plant. Yeast induced pyrexia, alloxan induced type II hyperglycemia, HRBC clot denaturation, Hole cross and Open field tests were performed to investigate these activities at moderate to high doses (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg). Results of the study suggests that the extract possess strong antipyretic, antidiabetic and CNS depressant activity in higher doses (250 and 500 mg/kg) but lack to exhibit clear thrombolytic potential.
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