Background: In the last decades, the use of internet has increased many folds, and internet addiction has become a severe public health issue around the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of internet addiction among young adults (19-35 years) in Bangladesh and to identify factors associated with it. Methods: A total of 454 participants were selected from three administrative divisions of Bangladesh using multistage cluster sampling for this cross-sectional study. A self-reported questionnaire was used to collect data which included Young's 20 items internet addiction test to assess internet addiction. Results: The overall prevalence of internet addiction was 27.1%. Addiction rate was 28.6% in the subgroup 19-24 years and 23.5% among 25-35 years old. In both chi-square and logistic regression analyses, internet addiction was significantly associated with living setup, time spent daily on the internet, a detached family relationship, physical activity, and smoking habit (p < 0.05). Spending time on social media websites was the most common online activity among the participants. Conclusion: Our study revealed a relatively high prevalence of internet addiction among younger participants. A detached family relationship and living away from the family were significant determinants along other factors. Therefore, it is important to raise awareness among young generation and their parents towards predictors of internet addiction.

Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to examine the prevalence of workplace violence (WPV), its associated factors and explore the experiences of healthcare workers.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study design used a nationally representative sample of 1,081 healthcare workers covering eight administrative divisions of Bangladesh. Logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate the adjusted effect of independent factors on WPV among healthcare workers.Results: Of the participants, 43% (468) experienced some form of WPV. Of those, 84% reported experiencing nonphysical violence, and 16% experienced physical violence in the past year. About 65% of victims claimed no action was taken to investigate the incident, and 44% reported no consequence for perpetrators. Four factors: being married (AOR = 1.63; CI: 1.12–2.39); public sector healthcare worker (AOR = 2.74; CI:1.99–3.76); working in an emergency department (AOR = 2.30; CI:1.03–5.12); and undertaking shift work (AOR = 1.52; CI: 1.10–2.11) were found to be significantly associated with WPV. One-third of the participants were worried about violence in their workplace.Conclusion: WPV is highly prevalent among healthcare workers in Bangladesh. Formal guidelines for reporting and managing WPV are urgently needed at the individual, hospital, and national levels.

Background Quality of Life (QoL), for long, has been a multifactorial concerning issue in oncology. The aim of this study was to determine QoL of cancer patients and its association with nutrition, and performance status. Methodology This was a hospital based cross-sectional study carried out at 2 cancer centers and one tertiary level hospital in Dhaka city during the months of July to December, 2019. Data was collected through structured interviews and analyzed by SPSS-25 statistical package software. Results Among 279 participants, 14(5.02%) had high QoL, 35(12.54%) had average QoL, 150(53.76%) had low QoL, and remaining 80(28.67%) had very low QoL. The prevalence of severe malnutrition was 12.5% and 43.7% of patients had poor performance status. A statistically significant association between QoL and, nutritional and performance status was identified (p < 0.05) . The ANOVA also indicated a statistically significant variation in QoL score among nutritional categories (P < 0.01) and performance status (P = 0.013). Conclusion A relatively higher prevalence of poor QoL was identified in this study which varies among nutritional categories and performance statuses. The proper management of predictors of QoL is imperative during treatment procedures.

Introduction: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is threatening the adequate coverage of antibiotics. This study aimed to analyze the antimicrobial resistance pattern of bacterial isolates from wound infection and the scenario of multidrug resistance. Methods: Microbiological culture results scripts of Medinova Medical Services LTD, representing non-repetitive various wound samples (post-surgical, trauma, superficial skin, burn) reported between January 2017 and March 2018, were retrieved and analyzed for pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns using R version 3.5.3. Results: Overall, 1266 bacterial isolates were obtained, and 850 (67.1%) were identified as MDR. The percentage of MDR among gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial isolates were 68.8% and 66.0%, respectively. Among isolates Staphylococcus aureus (n = 401), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 200), and Escherichia coli (n = 193) were predominant. Vancomycin followed linezolid showed most activity against gram-positive bacteria. Whereas, Colistin was found to be the most active against most of the gram-negative bacterium except for the Proteus spp in sensitivity test. Although, carbapenem group was determined to be the best against Proteus spp. About 82% Enterococcus spp and 76% Proteus spp were MDR. Isolates from patients aged >60 years (AOR = 1.774 95%CI: 1.089–2.892) were more prone to becoming MDR in compared to other age group and was a significant determinant (P = 0.02) of MDR. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the presence of MDR pathogens in wound infection was noteworthy. The findings of this study would assist in decision making of wound infection treatment. Highlights

Background: Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are one of the key public health issues worldwide causing 1.3 million deaths every year. This study aimed to determine the patterns of injuries due to road traffic accidents (RTAs), the severity of injuries, and factors associated with injury severity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted among RTA victims, who attended two large tertiary care hospitals located inside the Dhaka metropolitan area, through structured interview between 28 January and 22 March 2020. Results: Among 375 RTI patients, a total of 1390 injuries were recorded among interviewed patients, yielding a mean of 3.7 injuries per patient. The most frequently injured systems were external (n ¼ 351), lower limb (n ¼ 235), head and neck (n ¼ 151), and face (n ¼ 150). The mean ISS were 20.96 AE 12.027 with a maximum of 65 and a minimum of 4. Among patients, 87 (23.20%) had a severe injury, and 37 (9.87%) patients were critically injured. A statistically significant variation in ISS was observed in ANOVA among various categories of age, education, occupation, and purpose of going outside, vehicle type and fitness, accident type, road type, times required in hospitalization, and death history (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Our study has revealed several important findings which will help stakeholders and policymakers devise better policies to reduce RTA and RTA related injuries in Bangladesh.

No abstract

Background: In Bangladesh, treatment for urinary tract infection has become increasingly difficult due to antibiotic resistance. In addition, the prescription of age and gender-specific drugs is still far from being practiced in Bangladesh. We are examining trends of antibiotic resistance per age and gender in patients with urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by the most frequent agent, Escherichia coli. Methods: We determined the resistance of 1663 E. coli isolates obtained from urine cultures. A sensitivity study using the Kirby-Bauer method was carried out to identify the antibiotic resistance trends. Results: Imipenem with 1.9% resistance of all isolates found to be the lowest percentage of resistance. Meropenem (2.8%), amikacin (2.8%), colistin (2.9%), and nitrofurantoin (15.8%) showed low resistance percentages. The sensitivity analysis suggests that age and gender (area under curve ¼ 0.67) should be taken into consideration to prescribe amikacin. The increasing odds ratios (OR) by age groups suggest that amikacin is a less effective agent for older patients with UTIs. Moreover, nitrofurantoin (OR ¼ 1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) ¼ 1.07-1.95) and colistin (OR ¼ 2.09, CI ¼ 1.13-3.76) were less effective against isolates obtained from males compared to isolates obtained from females. Meropenem was effective against bacteria obtained from all age groups and genders. On the other hand, efficacy of imipenem was lower in isolates obtained from adults older than 40 years (OR: 0.44 for < ¼ 18 years, OR ¼ 0.47 for 19-40 years, OR ¼ 0.86 for 41-60 years; reference: > ¼ 61 years). Conclusion: In Bangladesh, meropenem, imipenem, amikacin, colistin, and nitrofurantoin are suitable therapeutic alternatives against urinary tract pathogens. Among the oral agents, amikacin, colistin, and nitrofurantoin should be prescribed, taking consideration of age and gender. These results will assist physicians in prescribing effective primary care antibiotics for UTI patients and encouraging the implementation of health policies for a safe prescription of antibiotics.

Background: Bangladesh hosts more than 800,000 Rohingya refugees from Myanmar. The low health immunity, lifestyle, access to good healthcare services, and social-security cause this population to be at risk of far more direct effects of COVID-19 than the host population. Therefore, evidence-based forecasting of the COVID-19 burden is vital in this regard. In this study, we aimed to forecast the COVID-19 obligation among the Rohingya refugees of Bangladesh to keep up with the disease outbreak’s pace, health needs, and disaster preparedness. Methodology and Findings: To estimate the possible consequences of COVID-19 in the Rohingya camps of Bangladesh, we used a modified Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious-Recovered (SEIR) transmission model. All of the values of different parameters used in this model were from the Bangladesh Government’s database and the relevant emerging literature. We addressed two different scenarios, i.e., the best-fitting model and the good-fitting model with unique consequences of COVID-19. Our best fitting model suggests that there will be reasonable control over the transmission of the COVID-19 disease. At the end of December 2020, there will be only 169 confirmed COVID-19 cases in the Rohingya refugee camps. The average basic reproduction number (R0) has been estimated to be 0.7563. Conclusions: Our analysis suggests that, due to the extensive precautions from the Bangladesh government and other humanitarian organizations, the coronavirus disease will be under control if the maintenance continues like this. However, detailed and pragmatic preparedness should be adopted for the worst scenario.