Introduction: Many patients in coronary care unit (CCU)
suffer from decreased sleep quality caused by environmental and mental factors. This study
compared the efficacy of foot reflexology massage, foot bath, and a combination of them on
the quality of sleep of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was implemented on
ACS patients in Iran. Random sampling was used to divide the patients into four groups of
35 subjects. The groups were foot reflexology massage, foot bath, a combination of the two
and the control group. Sleep quality was measured using the Veran Snyder-Halpern
questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 13.
Results: The mean age of the four groups was 61.22 (11.67)
years. The mean sleep disturbance in intervention groups (foot reflexology massage and
foot bath groups) during the second and third nights was significantly less than before
intervention. The results also showed a greater reduction in sleep disturbance in the
combined group than in the other groups when compared to the control group.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the intervention of
foot bath and massage are effective in reducing sleep disorders and there was a
synergistic effect when used in combination. This complementary care method can be
recommended to be implemented by CCU nurses.
Background: Family members of patient in the intensive care unit (ICU) experience a set of problems which are entitled Family Intensive Care Units Syndrome (FICUS).
Objectives:The aim of this study was to develop and psychometrically evaluate the FICUS Inventory (FICUSI) in Iran.
Methods:This sequential exploratory mixed method study was conducted in 2020 in two main phases. In the first phase, FICUSI was developed based on the results of an integrative review and a qualitative study. In the second phase, the psychometric properties of FICUSI, namely, face, content, and construct validity, reliability, responsiveness, interpretability, and scoring, were evaluated. The sample for the construct validity evaluation consisted of 283 ICU family members.
Results:The primary item pool of FICUSI had 144 items and was reduced to 65 items or omitting overlapping and similar items. The scale-level content validity index of FICUSI was 0.89. In the construct validity evaluation through exploratory factor analysis, 31 items with factor loading values more than 0.3 were loaded on two factors (namely psychological symptoms and nonpsychological symptoms) which explained 68.45% of the total variance. The Cronbach's alpha and the test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient of FICUSI were 0.95 and 0.97, respectively.
Conclusion:FICUSI is a valid and reliable instrument which can be used in clinical settings and studies for FICUS assessment. Further studies for the cross-cultural adaptation of FICUSI in other contexts are recommended.Relevance to clinical practice: Health care providers in clinical settings can use FICUSI to assess FICUS among the family caregivers of patients in ICU. Health care providers' better understanding of FICUS helps them understand the quality of their own services for the family members of patients in ICU.
K E Y W O R D Sfamily intensive care units syndrome, family member, intensive care unit, psychometricsThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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