There is a huge prevalence of mobile devices being connected to the Internet because of high demands for information access and dissemination. It is now well understood that XML plays a vital role as a means for information representation, exchange, and storage. Naturally, XML data is exchanged and stored as these mobile devices communicate with each other, and over the web. A major concern for one device requesting data (objects, services or raw data) from another device is security. Access control policies are important models that control access to data for authorized devices. In an XML setting, access control policies are necessary to control access to parts of XML documents. It becomes challenging in pervasive computing environment as the devices have small memory foot print, disconnection, low battery powers, etc. In this paper, we propose an XML based access control along with cryptography for secure transmission of XML data in pervasive environments.
Traffic crash fatalities create primary safety concern beyond the traffic congestion and delay. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the principal components/factors associated with road traffic crash in the U.S. through retrospective reviewing based on more than two million records of fatal crashes and 38 years (1975-2012) of National Highway Traffic Safety Administration official's Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS) database. This study portrays an integrated geographic information system and SAS application in order to find the major factors forcing traffic crashes. The resulting geospatial analysis and principal components analysis yielded critical significant factors causing fatal traffic crashes. The outcomes of this research could be used in transportation safety policy making and planning significantly.
The Fargo-Moorhead Metropolitan Area's rapid population and employment annual growth rate of 2.5 percent leading an opportunity for transportation infrastructure development. The forecasted growth will add demand, new number of trips, persons, vehicles, and vehicle hour travel, vehicle miles travel in the two principal Interstates (I-29 and I-94) in the Fargo-Moorhead Metropolitan Area. Consequentially, due to the increasing demand, interstates planning performance could be affected significantly in this area and will increase congestion, and thus, require a study with measuring of effectiveness in planning context. Therefore, a study of interstate within the Fargo-Moorhead metro area will be performed with measuring the deficiencies of several parameters such as volume, capacity, and level of service. The study will identify and provide guidance on congested areas incurred due to the forecasted/induced travel demand.
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