In this work a field study was conducted to evaluate the effect of coloured plastic mulch on growth and yield of chilli

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the influence of board of directors (BODs) and management in the decision-making of Shariah supervisory board (SSB) and implementation of their decisions. Design/methodology/approach The paper implements qualitative case research to explore the influences of BODs and management in the context of Bangladesh. To accomplish the research objective, we collected data from the 17 respondents from the regulators, Shariah supervisory boards, Shariah department executives and Shariah experts from the central bank and Islamic banks of Bangladesh. Findings This study found that management of Islamic banks indirectly influences the practices and functions of SSB, their decision-making and other activities. However, from either ethical or moral ground, management cannot influence SSB; management does not have legitimate power to control over their activities. Sometimes the BODs and management use the SSB and Shariah executives as a showcase and rubber stamp to accomplish their goals and to maximize profit in either partially or fully. Management assumes that Shariah officers are accomplishing and minimizing their income and hindering business functions without any contributions. Research limitations/implications The study significantly contributed to the national and global regulatory bodies by providing suggestions that regulatory bodies should be more concerned with the independence of SSB and Shariah executive officers. Besides, the BODs and management should be careful in handling Shariah issues as they were committed to do Islamic banking as per Shariah law. The study has theoretical contributions regarding the stakeholder and legitimacy theories. Originality/value This is the first research which extends the literature of the Islamic banking and Shariah governance mechanisms in perspective of Bangladesh concerning the influence of BODs and management in the decision-making of SSB and implementation of their decisions.

The graduate unemployment rate is one of the current issues being discussed by higher education scholars. College and university students often face unemployment after spending their valuable time and money in order to receive educational advantages. It makes them are more vulnerable to unfavourable economic conditions as those students have spent a lot of their resources while having the higher education. This paper examines the reasons and factors why fresh graduates are facing unemployment in the competitive market in Klang Vally, Malaysia. 200 data of fresh graduate was collected and analysed by SPSS20. There are several factors that explain their unemployment status, and this paper identifies each component at an individual level. With specific analysis of the unemployment phenomena, this paper provides direction for further research. The study establishes that the fresh graduates need to change their demanding attitude and at the same time, they must adopt more employability skills in order to get a job placement.

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