Purpose
Diabetes can increase oxidative stress in various tissues of the body, and the progress of this process is associated with intensification of the complications of diabetes. The current study purposed to evaluate the protective effect of
Pinus gerardiana
(PG) seed on oxidative stress induced by diabetes in the liver and serum of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.
Materials and Methods
This interventional study was performed on 36 male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (healthy controls, healthy treated with 3% and 6% (PG), diabetic control, diabetic treated with 3% and 6% (PG) doses). After 6 weeks of intervention, weight, glucose, and oxidative stress parameters in serum and liver including total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde, total thiol and superoxide dismutase activity were measured. Data analysis was done by statistical software version 16 and Tukey’s one-way ANOVA tests.
Results
Diabetic rats showed significantly higher malondialdehyde and fasting glucose levels (12±1.2 mmol/L) and significant reductions in fasting insulin serum, weight (−37%), and activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes, total thiol groups, and total antioxidant capacity of serum and liver (about +49% in liver and +16% in serum) (
p
< 0.001) compared with the healthy groups. Oral administration of PG nuts to diabetic rats caused a significant reduction in malondialdehyde and fasting glucose levels (−43%) and weight loss (+15%), and a significant increase in activity of superoxide dismutase enzymes, total thiol groups, and total antioxidant capacity of serum and liver (
p
< 0.001).
Conclusion
The present study concluded that PG can decrease fasting blood glucose, improve insulin resistance, reduce weight loss, and improve oxidative stress indices in the serum and liver of STZ-induced diabetic rats. It is a potential therapeutic food supplement for the treatment and prevention of hyperglycemia and high oxidative stress of diabetes.
BackgroundIn the contemporary orthodontics, the number of people who demand orthodontic treatment to improve their psychosocial issues related to facial esthetic is constantly increasing. Even in treatment plans, appearance and esthetic gain more attention.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine the need for orthodontic treatment on the basis of the dental aesthetic index (DAI) in the Iranian students of Ahvaz city.Material and MethodsThis cross sectional study was performed on 900 students aged between 11 - 14 years (450 boys, 450 girls). Schools were selected based on random cluster sampling from different parts of the city. Students\ who had or were having orthodontic treatment including those on interceptive orthodontics, were excluded from the study. Two questionnaires were used; the first one included different DAI criteria, and the second one included two questions about orthodontic treatment need and satisfaction of personal dental appearance. The results were analyzed by Chi-Square and T test.ResultsIn 70.9% of the students, DAI score was 13 - 25, 19.2% of the samples had a DAI score of 26 - 30, the DAI score of 7.8% was 31 - 35, and in 2.1% the DAI score was greater than 35. The association between the DAI score and sex was not statistically significant (P = 0.778). In relation to orthodontic treatment need, 44.8% of students answered positively, while in 55.2% the answer was negative. In relation to satisfaction with appearance, 21% of the students were satisfied with their appearance, 59% were relatively satisfied, and 19.9% were not satisfied with their appearance. The association between DAI score and the need for orthodontic treatment and satisfaction of dental appearance was significant (P = 0.000).ConclusionIn comparison to other studies, the students in Iran (Ahvaz) have a better dental appearance and less need for orthodontic treatment. Significantly positive correlations were found between the DAI and satisfaction of dental appearance, orthodontic treatment need and student’s perception.
Because of the nature of their disease, patients with mental disorder are more at risk and usually fail to recognize their natural rights in comparison to other patients. Objectives: The present study aims to determine the relationship between nurses' awareness of the rights of patients with mental disorder and the respect for the rights from nurses' perspective. Patients and Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study whose participants were 43 nurses working in psychiatric wards of hospitals in Ahvaz. We used questionnaires to collect data that was analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient test. Results: Awareness of the majority of nurses about the rights of the patients with mental disorder and respect for their rights from their perspective were at a good level. Using Pearson correlation coefficient test, a statistically significant correlation was found between the level of awareness of and the respect for their rights from the perspective of nurses (P ≤ 0.002). Conclusions: This study clearly showed a significant correlation between awareness of and respect for the rights of patients with mental disorder from the nurses' perspective. Also, considering the specific condition of these patients and psychiatric wards, relevant authorities should take further measures to increase awareness of the healthcare staff regarding the rights of these and subsequently increase its compliance so that we witness the practical and real respect for patients' rights by medical staff.
Ahmad Zare Javid (2021) : A randomized double-blind clinical trial: The effectiveness of daily synbiotic supplementation in management of metabolic and periodontal status and inflammatory markers in type-2 diabetes mellitus patients with periodontal disease under nonsurgicalperiodontal-therapy, e14403 (
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