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In recent years, underwater visible light communication (UVLC) has become a potential wireless candidate for signal transmission in highly critical, unknown, and acrimonious water mediums such as oceans. Unfortunately, the oceans are the least explored reservoirs in oceano-geographical history. However, natural disasters have aroused significant interest in observation and monitoring oceanic environments for the last couple of decades. Therefore, UVLC has drawn attention as a reliable digital carrier and claims a futuristic optical media in the wireless communication domain. Counterparts of traditional communications, the green, clean and safe UVLC supports high capacity of data-rate and bandwidth with minimal delay. Nevertheless, over long ranges, the deployment of UVLC is challenging rather than terrestrial basis communication. Additionally, VLC systems suffer from signal attenuation and strong turbulence channel conditions. Due to the fact that, this study provides an exhaustive and comprehensive survey of recent advancements in UVLC implementations to cope with the optical signal propagation issues. In this regard, a wide detail summary and future perspectives of underwater optical signaling towards 5G networks along with the current project schemes, channel impairments, various optical signal modulation techniques, underwater sensor network architectures with energy harvesting approaches, hybrid communication possibilities, and the Internet of underwater things (IoUTs) are concluded in this research.

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