Odontogenic myxoma (OM) is a relatively rare benign odontogenic tumor of mesenchymal origin. OM is more common in the mandible than in the maxilla. It is an asymptomatic lesion that shows an infiltrative growth pattern. When the maxillary sinus is involved, it often fills the entire antrum. Odontogenic tumors are uncommon in the maxillary molar area, which often leads to diagnostic dilemma as this region of the maxilla is in the vicinity of vital structures, and radiographic overlapping of structures is always present. We present a similar case of a 17-year-old male patient who reported with a swelling in the left maxilla that infiltrated the maxillary sinus in a short duration of time.
Aim:This study aimed to demonstrate and evaluate the expression of stromal myofibroblasts (MFs) and epithelial cell proliferation using α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and Ki67 markers, respectively, in odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst (OOC) to correlate their aggressive behavior.Materials and Methods:Twenty cases of OKC and twenty cases of OOC were stained with α-SMA and Ki67 markers for demonstration of stromal MFs and epithelial cell proliferation, respectively, and ten cases of well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma were used as positive control. Assessment of the number of α-SMA-positive stromal cells and Ki67-positive epithelial cells determined by MFs and proliferative epithelial cell frequency in 10 high-power fields (×400) was presented as the mean number of positive cells per field.Statistical Analysis:Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney test were used to analyze the difference in the mean number of α-SMA- and Ki67-positive cells per field between OKC and OOC.Results:The mean number of positively stained cells for α-SMA and Ki67 is significantly higher in OKC compared to OOC.Conclusion:Impression is that, the different behaviors of these two entities are compatible with their immunohistochemical view. The high value of stromal MFs and proliferative epithelial cells in OKC in comparison to OOC indicates its aggressiveness and potential for recurrence.
Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a malignant neoplasm of skeletal muscle origin, is the most common soft tissue sarcoma seen in childhood and adolescence. The most frequent site is the head and neck accounting for 40% of all cases and other involved sites are genitourinary tract, retroperitoneum, and to a lesser extent, the extremities. RMS is relatively uncommon in the oral cavity and the involvement of the jaws is extremely rare. Here, we report a case of 50-year-old female with oral RMS involving maxillary alveolar region with clinical, radiological, histopathological and immunohistochemical findings.
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) is a malignant glandular epithelial neoplasm of the salivary glands with an unpredictable behavior and a tendency to recur. The tumor is composed of mucous secreting cells, epidermoid cells, intermediate cells, columnar cells, and clear cells in varying proportions. Calcification in the salivary gland tumors is less common and minuscule in size; these can be seen in the benign tumor-like pleomorphic adenoma to malignant tumor-like MEC. Calcifications in MEC are considerably sparse and commonly associated with high-grade tumors. We present a case of MEC with lamellated calcifications present in the palate of a 43-year-old male patient.
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