White, pigmented, and exophytic lesions were the most common types of oral mucosal lesions found in this study. Although most of these lesions are innocuous, the dentist should be able to recognize and differentiate them from the worrisome lesions, and decide on the appropriate treatment.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency of jaw lesions in Kuwait. Materials and Methods: Biopsy records and microscopic sections of all jaw biopsies seen in the Department of Histopathology at Amiri Hospital, Kuwait, during the period January 2004 to December 2009 were reviewed. The biopsies were divided into three major groups: developmental/inflammatory/reactive lesions (group 1), cystic lesions (group 2), and tumors and tumor-like lesions (group 3). Groups 2 and 3 were subdivided into odontogenic and nonodontogenic. Results: Three hundred and eighty-five cases were reviewed. Of the 385 cases, 115 (29.9%) were in group 1, 178 (46.2%) in group 2, and 92 (23.9%) in group 3. Overall, radicular cysts (n = 95; 24.7%) were the most common biopsied jaw lesions, followed by chronic apical periodontitis (n = 59; 15.3%), dentigerous cysts (n = 51; 13.2%), and keratocystic odontogenic tumors (n = 30; 7.8%). In group 1, chronic apical periodontitis was the most frequent lesion (n = 59; 51.3%). In group 2, odontogenic cysts (n = 166; 93.3%) were more frequent than nonodontogenic cysts (n = 12; 6.7%), and radicular cysts (n = 95; 53.4%) were the most frequent lesions in this group. Odontogenic tumors (n = 61; 66.3%) were more frequent than nonodontogenic tumors (n = 31; 33.7%) in group 3. Keratocystic odontogenic tumors (n = 30; 32.6%) were the most frequent type of lesion in this group, followed by ameloblastoma (n = 17; 18.5%). Only 3 malignant lesions were found in this study. Conclusions: Cystic and inflammatory lesions of the jaw are more common than tumors and tumor-like lesions of the jaw in Kuwait. The majority of inflammatory lesions that occurred in the jaw were related to periapical inflammation. Most cystic and tumorous jaw lesions were odontogenic in origin. Locally aggressive odontogenic tumors were relatively more common than nonaggressive ones. Malignant jaw tumors were relatively rare.

Depression carries enormous global morbidity and is 1.5-7 times likelier to occur in individuals with chronic illness than in the general population. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has a rising incidence with a severe impact on quality of life. An indication of the prevalence of depression in this group is therefore of paramount interest. A prospective study was performed. A total of 118 participants with IPF who attended the interstitial lung disease clinic in Ninewells Hospitals, Dundee, Scotland, from May 2010 to September 2011 were recruited. Informed consent was obtained. The male to female ratio was 60:58. The Wakefield Self-assessment of Depression Inventory was used (scores !15 denote a depressed state). Pulmonary function tests were measured to correlate disease severity with depression scores. Of them, 58 patients had significant depressive symptoms scoring !15; only nine were taking antidepressant medication. The mean depression score of female participants was 15.0 + 0.77 (SD 5.9), compared with a mean male score of 13.1 + 0.99 (SD 7.5). Disease severity, age, duration since diagnosis and number of co-morbidities were not significantly correlated with depression. The study population had a high prevalence of depressive symptoms. Medical therapy for pulmonary fibrosis is limited and therefore palliation of symptoms and pulmonary rehabilitation form the main strategy for management. Depression should be actively screened in patients with IPF.

<b><i>Objectives:</i></b> The aim of this study was to determine the relative frequency of biopsied oral soft tissue lesions in Kuwait. <b><i>Materials and Methods:</i></b> Biopsy records and microscopic sections of all oral soft tissue biopsies seen in the Department of Histopathology at Al-Amiri Hospital, Kuwait, between January 2004 and December 2009 were reviewed. The biopsies were divided into two major groups; group 1: nonneoplastic lesions, and group 2: neoplastic lesions. Group 1 was subdivided into reactive, inflammatory, cyst/cyst-like, dysplastic, and pigmented lesions. Group 2 was subdivided into epithelial and mesenchymal lesions, and also into benign and malignant lesions. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Of the 858 biopsies, 732 (85.3%) were nonneoplastic while the remaining 126 (14.7%) were neoplastic. In group 1, more than half of the lesions were within the reactive subgroup (n = 386; 52.7%) while in group 2, 94 (74.6%) lesions were epithelial in origin and 32 (25.4%) were mesenchymal. In addition, 70 (55.6%) lesions were malignant and 56 (44.4%) were benign. Of the 858 biopsies, the most common lesions were fibrous hyperplasias: 178 (20.7%); mucoceles: 110 (12.8%); pyogenic granulomas: 94 (11.0%); squamous cell carcinomas: 56 (6.5%), and lichenoid mucositis: 49 (5.7%). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The majority of the lesions were nonneoplastic and were related to local irritation or trauma. Most neoplastic lesions were epithelial in origin. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was one of the most prevalent oral lesions highlighting the importance of prevention, early detection and diagnosis of oral cancer.