Background: Sickle cell anaemia is widely distributed in African and American negroes. It also seen in Arabian peninsula, Indian Subcontinent and parts of Europe. A high prevalence has been demonstrated in various tribal communities of Gujarat. Aims & Objective: To assess Knowledge, Attitude and Practice about sickle cell anaemia in patients with positive Sickle Cell Status. Materials and Methods: Cross Sectional Observational Study from June 2010 to May 2011. 276 patients with purposive sampling in Bardoli Taluka having sickle cell positivity in age group of 18 to 30 years were taken.Results: Only 16% of the study participants knew correct symptoms of Sickle cell anaemia. 30 % patients were availing the treatment of some kind. It was observed that females were more active as compared to males in taking medication for Sickle Cell Anaemia and the difference between them was found to be significant. It was found that 96 % of the study participants had received Color coded cards after testing showing the high accomplishment of mass screening programs in identifying Sickle Cell Status by simple means. But approximately 90% didn't know the cause of disease and only 52 (18 %) were counselled about this disease. More than 95% of the participants were unaware regarding their haemoglobin status. Conclusion: All the strategies for the prevention of this outrageous disease will be effective only if they are utilized to its maximal extent by creating more awareness to the affected and also the other population.
Background:Outbreak of syphilis, i.e., 16 cases of rapid plasma reagin (RPR) reactive cases of syphilis was reported in Community Based Organization (CBO) Sahyog of Surat, India, from April to August 2014. The aim of the study was to find risk factors and take immediate actions to prevent spread.Materials and Methods:Outbreak investigation of 16 Female Sex Workers of CBO Sahyog in Surat who were found Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) and Treponema Pallidum Hemagglutination Assay (TPHA) positive from April to August 2014; was carried out. Clinico-epidemiological and laboratory-based evidence for different sexually transmitted infections (STIs) conducted at Government Medical College, New Civil Hospital, Surat. Root cause analysis (RCA) of index case was carried out.Results:Desk review for the past 3 years data of STI revealed total STI cases as 88 (2011), 95 (2012), and 130 (2013), of which 4, 2, and 2 found RPR reactive, respectively. Data from April to August 2014 revealed 16 RPR reactive cases and confirmed by TPHA. On examination, one had ulcerative cervical lesion, rest did not have any symptoms of syphilis. Eleven had vaginal/cervical discharge, 11 had lower abdominal pain. A total of 11 had unprotected sex, 7 encountered condom tear in the past 6 months, and 5 reported sexual violence. Seven had sexual activity under influence of alcohol. Laboratory investigation revealed two as HIV-positive. RPR reactivity reported highest (9 out of 16) from same area of hotspot. RCA of probable index case revealed factors responsible as violence and nonuse of condoms.Conclusions:Outbreak investigation revealed one probable index case. All 16 treated with injection Penidure. Violence or condom tear is responsible for the spread. Crisis management team should be strengthened.
Background:Malnutrition is serious problem in India. ICDS provides supplementary nutrition through anganwadis to its beneficiaries. Aims & Objective:(1) To study quantitative effect of supplementary nutrition on physical growth of children beneficiaries of ICDS. (2) To understand determinants of physical growth among children registered with ICDS anganwadis. Material and Methods: It was a prospective cohort study done during September 2010 to August 2011. All children of three to five years of 6 randomly selected anganwadis of Jhagadia block of Bharuch district were selected for study. The pretested and predesigned questionnaire was used for collection of data from the mother of the children at their home. Anthropometric measurements were done at anganwadi. Data for availing of supplementary nutrition by child and was obtained from anganwadis. Follow up anthropometric measurements were done another two times over the period of one year. Results: Out of 104 children, 70 (67.3%) received adequate and 34 (32.7%) did not receive adequate supplementary nutrition. Both weight and height gain were more in the children who received adequate supplementary nutrition as compared to the children who did not receive adequate supplementary nutrition. Multivariate analysis indicated that, out of so many factors, supplementary nutrition and caste were the one which had significant effect on weight gain of children. Conclusion: Supplementary nutrition provided at anganwadi has significant impact on physical growth of its beneficiaries
Background: India has the largest concentration of tribal populations globally. A high prevalence of sickle cell anemia is seen in tribal communities of South Gujarat. The aims and objectives were to study socio- demographic profile of the patients having positive sickle cell status.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study, where Bardoli taluka was selected purposively. All patients of sickle cell anemia registered at all PHCs of Bardoli Taluka during period between June 2010 and May 2011 & aged between 18 to 30 years were taken in study.Results: This study included total 276 cases of which 264 (96%) had sickle cell trait, while 12 (4%) had sickle cell disease. Majority of patients were from Umrakh and Vanskui PHC. More than 90% of patients belonged to ST caste and more than 40% among them were from Rathod sub caste.Conclusions: More than 90% of patients were laborers and majority of them belonged to low socio economic class. Mean age at diagnosis of sickle cell anemia ranged from 21 to 25 years.
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