The aim of this study was to explore the outcomes of an in ovo GABA injection in broilers challenged with HS. In Experiment 1, 210 Arbor Acres eggs were allocated to five treatments: no-injection, and in ovo injection of 0.6 mL of 0%, 5%, 10%, or 20% of GABA. Hatchling weight and CWEWR were significantly increased in the 5% GABA group. In ovo, injection of 10% GABA solution caused a significant decrease in plasma cholesterol and increased plasma total antioxidant capacity of hatchlings. Experiment 2 was conducted with 126 fertile Arbor Acres eggs distributed into one of two groups. At 17.5 days of incubation, one received no injection, and the other was fed 0.6 mL of 10% GABA. On day 10, one subgroup (4 replicates * 3 birds) from each treatment was submitted to HS (38 ± 1 °C for 3 h) while the other was kept at a thermoneutral temperature (29 ± 1 °C). An in ovo injection of GABA significantly increased total antioxidant capacity, but reduced malondialdehyde levels, hepatic mRNA levels of HSP70, FAS, and L-FABP with HS. In conclusion, an in ovo GABA injection improves CWEWR and antioxidant status at hatch, and enhances antioxidant status while downregulating the expression of HSP70 and fatty acid metabolism-related genes in young chicks under HS.
Objective: describe the epidemiological, diagnostic aspects and therapeutic approaches at Bembereke in northern Benin. Patients and methods: all victims of abdominal trauma received in the department of surgery between 1 st January 2010 and 30 July 2013 and with complete records were included in this retrospective study. Results: The abdominal trauma accounted for 1.1% of hospitalization and 10% of abdominal emergencies. The average age of patients was 28.04 ± 22.25 years with extremes of 02 and 67 years. The sex ratio equaled to 7.17. Half of the patients were children under 15 years. The first three circumstances abdominal trauma was road traffic accidents 31 (31.63%) cases, animal aggression 27 (27.55%) cases and falls from a tree 14 (14,29%) cases. Contusions were found in 73 (74.50%) cases and wounds in 25 (25.50%) cases. Fifty four (55.10%) laparotomy were performed. The rate of white laparotomy is 5.55% with 3 cases. The spleen was the most affected organ (15%) followed by small bowel (13%). Morbidity was 8.16% dominated by parietal suppuration. The rate of mortality was 2.04%. Mean hospital stay was 10.7 days. Conclusion: abdominal trauma interested young adult male in northern Benin. Road traffic accidents and animal injuries were the leading causes
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