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The genetic polymorphism of cyp19 and fshr genes might influence fertility performance in cattle and buffalo. This study used PCR-RFLP to pinpoint genetic variations in the cyp19and fshr genes and their relationship to the ovarian inactivity and silent heat in Egyptian buffaloes. Whole blood samples were taken in vacuum tubes that contain EDTA from female Egyptian buffaloes. Rectal findings and ultrasonography were carried out for 90 buffaloes and were divided into three equal groups, the 1 st group is smooth inactive ovaries, 2 nd group is silent heat and the 3 rd group is a control group. To analyze the genetic variations in the cyp19 and fshr genes, genomic DNA was isolated from blood. Amplification of a snippet of the cyp19 promoter and 230 bp of fshr exon 10 genes which were digested with PvuII and Hin1II (NlaIII) restriction enzymes respectively. Electrophoresis was used to examine the PCR-RFLP pattern, which revealed that all animals displayed the GG genotype as of 187 and 232 bp fragments except two of silent heat animals showed undigested monomorphic pattern at 419 bp which genotyped as AA. The PCR-RFLP pattern for fshr gene revealed that all the investigated buffaloes were polymorphic at 150, 200 bp and genotyped as GA except one silent heat animal has a monomorphic pattern at 230 bp with AA genotype. In conclusion, the current study revealed that there was no association between genetic polymorphism of cyp19 and fshr genes and reproductive disorders of Egyptian buffaloes especially ovarian inactivity and silent heat in Egyptian buffaloes.

The aim of this study was to identify luteinizing hormone receptor (lhr) genetic polymorphism by using PCR-RFLP and detection of LH level in serum, also to investigate their possible association with ovarian inactivity and silent heat in Egyptian buffaloes. Blood samples were collected with and without EDTA from female Egyptian buffaloes raised in small holder under the same managemental conditions. The present study was conductedon90 Egyptian river buffaloes from different locations in Menoufia governorate which were divided into three equal (n=30) groups according to their reproductive history and ultrasonographic examination (ovarian inactivity, silent heat and control). PCR amplification of DNA samples were revealed 303 bp product using specific primers and digested with HhaI restriction enzyme. The results were revealed that all animals were a monomorphic pattern at 303 bp and genotyped as TT, which indicates the fixation of T allele and absence of C allele, except one silent heat animal was showed heterozygous genotype CT 155, 148 bp (overlapped bands). While, the average of serum LH concentration was significantly higher (P<0.05) in silent heat (2.17 mIU/ml) and control groups (2.2mIU/ml) than ovarian inactivity group (1.99mIU/ml). In conclusion, no genetic polymorphism was detected for lhr gene of the three groups but, average LH concentration in serum was showed a significant difference within ovarian inactivity group.

No abstract

Background: Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) have a higher prevalence of tobacco smoking than the general population. In Egypt, the accurate data about the pattern of tobacco smoking and prevalence of nicotine dependence among BD patients are still scarce. Objective: The objective of this study was to detect the pattern of tobacco smoking and to assess the occurrence of nicotine dependence syndrome among Egyptian cigarette and waterpipe smoker patients suffering from BD. Methods: A cross-sectional study using a semistructured interview to assess 100 patients with BD at the inpatient department and the outpatient mood clinic of The Institute of Psychiatry, Ain Shams University. The assessment tools included the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, Sixth Edition (M.I.N.I.), the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), and the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale (LWDS-11). Results: Of the 100 recruited bipolar patients (43% women and 57% men), it was found that 45% of bipolar cases were cigarette smokers, 18% were waterpipe smokers, and 17% smoked both cigarette and waterpipe with a statistically significant difference. Bipolar I in the acute phase showed the most prevalent type of BDs with moderate (31%) and high (13.8%) nicotine dependence. Bipolar II cases have never smoked neither cigarette nor waterpipe; 5% of patients with bipolar I smoked waterpipe during disease activity. Conclusion: Patients with BD have a relatively high frequency of nicotine (cigarettes and waterpipe) dependence (17%) in relation to the general population (1.0%), especially bipolar I type.