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UAV Ad hoc NETworks (UAANET) are a new form of ad hoc networks in which nodes are Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Ground Control Station (GCS). Although this field generated a certain interest in the scientific community, it has only received a modest contribution. Compared to Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANET), this new network paradigm has some unique features and brings specific challenges such as node mobility degree, network connectivity patterns, delay-sensitive applications and network security. Indeed, some UAV communication architectures have been proposed, but none of them has been designed with security in mind. This lack of scientific investigation can make the certification of UAANETs difficult to obtain. In this paper, we present our vision of such a challenge and the research that we are conducting to reach this objective. The aim is to propose an original secure routing protocol for UAVs using a MDD (Model Driven Development) approach which will ease the certification of final UAV products. The first preliminary results concerning our secure-routing protocol design will be presented. This paper describes our ongoing research which will provide secure communications for UAV ad hoc networks at the end of the SUANET (Secure Uav Ad-hoc NETwork) project. Index Terms-UAV Ad hoc NETwork (UAANET), Security Architecture, Model Driven Development, Routing Protocol. 1 UAVs used in UAANETs are deployed in untrustworthy environments in which external attacks can occur due to the absence of fixed infrastructure 2 DGAC: Direction Générale de l Aviation Civile which is equivalent to FAA (Federal Aviation Administration) but at a French scale.

UAV Ad hoc Network (UAANET) is a wireless ad hoc network composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Ground Control Station (GCS). Compared to the standard Mobile Ad hoc NETworks (MANETs), the UAANET architecture has some specific features that brings exciting challenges to communication architecture design. One of them is the design challenge of a UAANET routing protocols. It must find an accurate and reliable route between nodes in a timely manner to exchange data traffics. It must also be secured to preserve efficiency in the presence of malicious attackers and provides data integrity and authentication. Furthermore, UAANETs must be certified in the near future to act as autonomous systems without a dedicated safety pilot and to be authorized to fly in the national airspace. In such a context, in this paper, we contribute to the certification of the secure UAANET communication system software using a Model-Driven Development (MDD) approach and real experiments based validation. The validation process followed uses sequentially formal verification methods and real-world experimental results. The objective is to evaluate the routing protocol efficiency to a set of unexpected hazardous issues that come with the real environment.

UAV Ad hoc Network (UAANET) is a wireless ad hoc network composed of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Ground Control Station (GCS). It requires an efficient and secure routing protocols to find accurate and secure route between nodes to exchange data traffics. There have been several secure routing proposals to ensure data authentication and integrity services of ad hoc routing protocols. However, most of them are vulnerable against wormhole attacks and therefore cannot be used for UAANET directly without amendment. The wormhole attack involves two attackers who perform a colluding attack.In this paper, we present a new UAANET secure routing protocol called SUAP (Secure Uav Ad hoc routing Protocol). It ensures message authentication and provides detection and prevention of wormhole attacks. SUAP is a reactive protocol using public key cryptography, hash chains and geographical leashes. We have carried out a formal verification analysis of SUAP security properties using the AVISPA tool, an automated model checker for the analysis of security features. We have also validated our security proposal through formal model checking using Simulink and Stateflow tools. Additionally, we use a hybrid experimental system (based on virtual machines and a virtual mesh framework) under a realistic UAANET scenario to evaluate SUAP routing performances and validate its security properties.Index Terms-UAV Ad hoc NETwork, Security Architecture, AVISPA, Model Driven Development, Routing Protocol.

This paper presents an original and adaptive security architecture for the future connected aircrafts. A secure system topology for the embedded network is proposed with regards to network and system constraints, service priorities and regulatory recommendations. The design of a new component called Security Manager (SecMan) is explained in details and all its processes are formalized for a better understanding of the proposal made in this paper. A performance study is done in order to assess the advantages of this adaptive security policy within some critical aircraft communication scenarios.