This study focused on what combination of anaerobic digestion (AD) temperature (ambient, mesophilic, and thermophilic) and olive mill waste (OMW) to dairy manure (DM) ratio mixture delivers the desired renewable energy and digestate qualities when using AD as olive mill waste treatment. OMW is widespread in the local environment in the North Sinai region, Egypt, which causes many environmental hazards if left without proper treatment. Three different mixtures consisting of OMW, dairy manure (DM), and inoculum (IN) were incubated under ambient, mesophilic, and thermophilic conditions for 45 days. The results showed that mixture B (2:1:2, OMW:DM:IN) at 55 °C produced more methane than at 35 °C and ambient temperature by 40% and 252%, respectively. Another aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the different concentrations of the digestate taken from each mixture on faba bean growth. The results showed that the maximum fresh weight values of the shoot system were observed at 10% and 15% for mixture B at ambient temperature. The best concentration value for the highest root elongation rate is a 5% addition of digestate mixture A at 55 °C, compared with other treatments.
Two field experiments were carried out during summer seasons of 2017 and 2018 at the Experimental Farm, Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Egypt to study the effect of three levels of irrigation (100, 80 and 60% of irrigation water requirement) and three types of soil amendments (without, gypsum and pressed olive cake) and their combinations on growth and yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annuum L. cv. "Top Star") crop under El-Arish region conditions. Plants were irrigated using drip irrigation system. The highest values of all studied traits; viz., vegetative growth, plant fresh and dry weights, yield of grad A and B and total yield were recorded with using 100 % followed by 80% irrigation level both + pressed olive cake that followed by applying 80% irrigation level + gypsum as soil amendment, respectively in both growing seasons. While the lowest values were obtained by application 60% of water requirements with or without using soil amendments.
Define et al. (2000) reported thatCapsicum annum L. is one of the most susceptible crops to water stress because of wide transpiring leaf surface and elevated stomatal openings and yet relatively copious amounts of water may be undesirable in terms of resultant fruit yield and quality. The quality of paprika therefore depends on a moisture regime. Also, Palada and O'Keefe (2001) investigated the response of hot pepper cultivars to levels of drip irrigation in the Virgin Islands and observed increasing yield trends with increasing amounts of irrigation water. In addition, Shaozhong et al. (2001), Ismail et al. (2002) and Dorji et al. (2005) found that under water stress conditions, there were reductions in fruit size, number of fruits and fresh fruit yield.
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