Purpose -Significance of attachment relationship to the development and impairments among children with autism has been studied. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the literature for studies completed on the attachment and assess the effect of autism on attachment development. Different moderators of attachment are also reviewed. Design/methodology/approach -Systematic reviews were searched for in different databases to establish the necessity and relevance of the current paper. The last systematic review on the topic was published in 2004 so studies done after that year were searched for in electronic databases and experts on the filed were also contacted before choosing the ten studies selected for this review. Findings -Attachment is present among children with Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD), however not prevalent as in normally developing children. The security and organization of attachment behavior are affected by the severity of the diagnosis of Autism and the co-morbidities associated. Maternal sensitivity and insightfulness support the development of secure attachment in children with ASD while impairments in joint attention and symbolic play proved to be risk factors for insecurity and disorganization of attachment. Originality/value -The review contributes to the relatively understudied topic of attachment behavior in autism spectrum disorders focussing on the influence brought to the bonding connection by different influencing factors like: mothers' sensitivity, insightfulness and attachment style, parenting style and symbolic play levels.
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to discuss the findings of a service evaluation project of the Specialist Memory Clinic for people with intellectual disabilities in South Wales using the Dementia guidelines published by the British Psychological Society and the Royal College of Psychiatrists (BPS/RCPsych, 2015). Design/methodology/approach Clinical audit using case notes of patients attending Memory Clinics during 2011 and 2015 benchmarked against best practice guidelines; carers feedback from Memory Clinic attendance; and evaluation of the training sessions to carers. Findings Audit findings show full compliance with standards (100 per cent) except for the baseline assessment for people with Down syndrome. Carer’s evaluation and feedback was positive and constructive. Training evaluation indicates improvement in knowledge and positively received sessions. Research limitations/implications The small number of people included and possibility of high motivated team may affect the service evaluation result. Practical implications It is possible for the Community Learning Disability team to meet the standards published (BPS/RCPsych, 2015) through multidisciplinary working. Originality/value Initial service evaluation completed after published guidelines for Dementia care by the BPS/RCPsych (2015).
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present outcomes of mixed practices including use of ideas from narrative therapy (NT) in a case of mild intellectual disability (ID) and personality disorder. The formulation, therapy adaptation and outcomes are presented. Design/methodology/approach The study is a single case report describing patient presentation, assessments, psychological formulation and the mixed interventions approaches used, including ideas from NT. Adaptations to meet the needs of patients with ID were described, and therapy outcome measured using Health of the Nation Outcome scale and Psychiatric Assessment Schedule for Adults with Developmental Disorders was presented. Findings The ideas used from NT suggest this is potentially a useful approach in practice for people with intellectual disabilities and personality disorder. However, adaptation is needed for it to be used successfully in practice as a therapeutic intervention. Research limitations/implications A single case study has its limitations, and further work on using ideas from NT, its adaptation and use in this population will be needed. Originality/value There is no previous case of use of NT among patients with ID and personality disorder.
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