Blend-based polymer electrolytes composed of PVDF-HFP/MG-49 (70/30) and LiClO4 as lithium salt has been studied. Solution casting method was applied to prepare the polymer electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were used to characterize the electrolyte films. The maximum value of 2.51×10ˉ6 S cm-1 was obtained at ambient temperature for the 30 wt. % of LiClO4 and the conductivity increased to 1.10×10ˉ3 S cm-1 by increasing the temperature up to 383 K. FTIR spectra demonstrated that complexation occurred between the polymers and lithium salt.
Free standing polymer electrolyte films comprising of ammonium trifluoromethane sulfonate in poly(ethyl methacrylate) were prepared and characterized. The structural and electrical properties of the polymer electrolytes were investigated by X-ray diffraction and a.c. impedance spectroscopy, respectively. The formation of polymer-salt complex has been confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study. Conductivity of the polymer electrolytes increased with salt content. The highest ionic conductivity in the order of 10-5 S cm-1 at room temperature was achieved for the system with 35 wt% of ammonium salt. The temperature dependence of conductivity obeyed the Vogel-Tammam-Fulcher relation. The activation energy has been calculated from the VTF formalism. The ionic transference number of the mobile ions estimated by Wagner’s polarization method was close to unity for the highest conducting sample implying that the conductivity was contributed by ions which was expected to be protons.
In the authors' laboratory, fern-like fractals have been cultured in polymer electrolyte membranes of polyethylene oxide (PEO) doped with ammonium iodide (NH4I). The simulation study was then carried out utilizing the Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) based on random motion of aggregating particles modelling technique. The fractal dimension values and the forms of the simulated fractals are comparable to those observed in the PEO polymer membranes. These indicate that the simulation using the DLA model done in this study has resulted outputs that are in abidance with the original fractals cultured in the polymer membranes.
(100-x) LiClO4-xSiO2(x is mol %) solid composite electrolytes in various compositions were synthesized by modified sol-gel process with sintering at 200 °C. The electrical and structural properties of the composites were investigated. The ionic conductivity of the composites increased with mol % of the dispersoid and then decreased. The highest conductivity was obtained for x = 50 mol % with a value of 4.06 × 10-7S cm-1at room temperature. The enhancement in conductivity was more than two orders of magnitude when compared to the host material. The higher conductivity in the SiO2dispersed system was interpreted in terms of space charge layer and percolation theory. The temperature dependence of conductivity of all samples were Arrhenian in nature and exhibited a maximum of 10-3S cm-1at T = 140 °C for x = 50 mol %. XRD spectra showed presence of heterogeneous phase of LiClO4-SiO2crystalline peaks.
Ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation; 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (EMITFSI) has been incorporated with epoxidized natural rubber-50 (ENR-50) and lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI) to obtain electrolyte material. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra showed evidence of complexation between ENR-50, EMITFSI and LiTFSI. Glass transition temperature, Tg displayed an increasing trend with increase in salt concentration. The incorporation of EMITFSI resulted in an increase in ionic conductivity. The increase in ionic conductivity was attributed to the role of ionic liquid which reduced Tg, thus, facilitated ion conduction in the system. The highest ionic conductivity at room temperature was 5.72 ´ 10-4 S cm-1 for sample containing 20 wt% of EMITFSI and 50 wt% of LiTFSI.
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