HighlightsSigmoid volvulus is a rare complication during pregnancy with potentially fatal feto-maternal complications.Early diagnosis of SV in pregnancy is still a great challenge and represents the most important factor in reducing the high rates of mortality.A multidisciplinary approach is required for favourable management.Endoscopic detorsion or surgical resection are the treatment options, depending on bowel viability.High incidence of suspicion and timely surgical intervention are key to a favourable outcome.
The effectiveness of breast-conserving surgery for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is still a controversial issue, and variable incidences of locoregional failures have been reported. The present study was conducted to pathologically assess the response of LABC to NACT, and also to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative clinical examination and mammography in detecting these pathological changes. A total of 38 patients with LABC received NACT in the form of three cycles of fluorouracil/adriamycin/cyclophosphamide and were then subjected to a mastectomy. The residual tumors in the mastectomy specimens were measured, mapped, and compared to the pretreatment and preoperative clinical and mammographic findings for evaluation. An objective response to NACT was observed in 70.4% of the patients; however, only 26.7% of them were suitable candidates for conservative surgery. The rest of the responders showed an increased incidence of multifocality and in situ lesions localized within the original tumor-bearing area. Both clinical examinations and mammography were inadequate for the selection of candidates for breast conservation. Tumor regression by NACT is probably induced by a process of tumor segmentation. It is also associated with an increased incidence of multifocality and in situ lesions.
Background
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) is thought to have a role in human breast cancer (BC) pathogenesis. BRCA1 and 2 genes mutations are well-established risk factors for BC. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of MMTV in familial and non-familial Egyptian breast cancer patients. We also aimed to establish a correlation between BRCAs genes mutations and MMTV infection in those patients.
Patients and Methods
The study was included 80 BC patients and 10 healthy women were included as a control group. We used PCR to amplify a 250-bp MMTV-like env sequence. We also used PCR followed by direct sequencing to identify the genetic variation of exons 2, 13, 19 of BRCA1 gene and exon 9 and region f of exon 11 of BRCA2 gene. High resolution melting (HRM) analysis was used to screen the selected exons of BRCA1/2 genes in order to detect different variants.
Results
MMTV DNA-like env sequences were detected in 70%, 76% of familial and non-familial BC patients, respectively, and it was not detected in any of the control subjects. The presence of viral sequences was associated with larger tumor size in the sporadic patients. Seventy BC patients showed variations in BRCA1/2 genes according to HRM analysis and sequencing analysis showed two different sequences of polymorphism among 22 familial and non-familial BC patients.
Conclusion
MMTV DNA was present among BC patients and it was associated with increased tumor growth. This indicates a potential role for MMTV in BC patients with and without deleterious mutation in BRCA1/2 genes.
This study consists of a preliminary report of 94 cases with various types of inguinal hernias. All cases were repaired by a new technique, in which the herniotomy is performed via a preperitoneal approach and the repair is achieved by using a bipedicled flap from the external oblique aponeurosis, which is transpositioned into the preperitoneal space and sutured to the iliopubic tract. The details of this technique are herein described. After a follow-up ranging from 15 to 48 months, both the early and late complications are presented. They were minimal and of minor significance, apart from a hernial recurrence in one case.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.