Activated Slag (AAS) and Fly Ash (FA) based geopolymer concrete a new blended alkali-activated concrete that has been progressively studied over the past years because of its environmental benefits superior engineering properties. Geopolymer has many favorable characteristics in comparison to Ordinary Portland Cement. Many base materials could be utilized to make geopolymer with the convenient concentration of activator solution. In this study, the experimental program composed of two phases; phase on divided into four groups; Group one deliberated the effect of sodium hydroxide molarity and different curing condition on compressive strength. Group two studied the effect of alkali activated solution (NaOH and Na2SiO3) content on compressive strength and workability. The effect of sand replacement with slag on compressive strength and workability was explained in group three. Group four studied the effect of slag replacement with several base materials Fly Ash (FA), Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), pulverized Red Brick (PRB), and Meta Kaolin (MK). Phase two contains three mixtures from phase one which had the highest compressive strength. For each mixture, the fresh concrete test was air content. In addition the hardened concrete tests were the compressive strength at 3, 7, 28, 90, 180, and 365 days, the flexural strength at 28, 90, and 365 days, and the young's modulus at 28, 90, and 365 days. Moreover; the three mixtures were exposed to elevated temperature at 100oC, 300oC, and 600oC to study the effect of elevated temperature on compressive and flexural strength.
The primary objective of this article is to study the effect of shear reinforcement on the performance of wide shallow beams. The investigated parameters include the crack patterns, mode of failures, load-deflection curves, load-strain curves of stirrups and the failure load. Nine tested specimens have 1800mm clear span and 500mm width with different thicknesses (150mm, 200mm, and 250mm), and type of the web reinforcement. The experimental results showed that there was a significant improvement in the shear strength due to using the traditional tied stirrups for beams with depth 250mm, but it seems that the vertical tied reinforcement does not work properly to resist the shear for beams with depth less than 250mm. While the welded link web reinforcement increases the shear capacity for beams with depth less than 250mm. A comparison between experimental shear capacities and the prediction of the ECP-203-2016, ACI 318-14, EN1992 and CSA 2004 codes are also presented in this research. It is recommended to re-evaluate the contribution of the shear reinforcement according to the Egyptian ECP-203. In addition, the tested beams specimens are analysed using the nonlinear finite element method (ANSYS). The results showed that the effect of web reinforcement on improving shear strength is more pronounced at higher depth of specimens.
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