This review spotlights on sulfonamides from different sides, including history, structure-activity relationship, chemistry, methods of classification and up to date ways for their synthesis. Moreover, the review includes a discussion of the varied pharmacological effects of sulfonamides. Sulfonamides have a good range of pharmacological activities like oral diuretics (furosemide, indapamide, chlorthalidone, thiazides); anticancer (E7070), carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitors (CAIs) (acetazolamide, dichlorophenamide, dorzolamide and brinzolamide), antiepileptics (zonisamide and sulthiame), for rheumatoid arthritis (Sulfasalazine) antiviral (Darunavir) anti-inflammatory (celecoxib), antibacterial (Sulfadizine), as ophthamologicals (Dorzolamide) anticonvulsant (Zonisamide) cycloxygenase 2 (COX2) inhibitors (valdecoxib). These days, novel pills are launched, like apricoxib and pazopanib, which additionally include this organization. The sulfonamides competitively inhibit vitamin Bc synthesis in microorganisms and subsequently inhibit multiplication of bacteria but donot actively kill them. They need been used against most gram-positive and lots of gram-negative bacteria, also as some fungi.

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