Hydrogen from water electrolysis associated with renewable energies is one of the most attractive solutions for the green energy storage. To improve the efficiency and the safety of such stations, some technological studies are still under investigation both on methods and materials. As methods, control, monitoring and diagnosis algorithms are relevant tools. These methods are efficient when they use an accurate mathematical model representing the real behaviour of hydrogen production system. This work focuses on the dynamical modelling and the monitoring of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyser. Our contribution consists in three parts: to develop an analytical dynamical PEM electrolyser model dedicated to the control and the monitoring; to identify the model parameters and to propose adequate monitoring tools. The proposed model is deduced from physical laws and electrochemical equations and consists in a steady-state electric model coupled with a dynamical thermal model. The estimation of the model parameters is achieved using identification and data fitting techniques based on experimental measurements. Taking into account the information given by the proposed analytical model and the experimentation data (temperature T, voltage U and current I) given by a PEM electrolyser composed of seven cells, the model parameters are identified. After estimating the dynamical model, model based diagnosis approach is used in order to monitoring the PEM electrolyser and to ensure its safety. We illustrate how our algorithm can detect and isolate faults on actuators, on sensors or on electrolyser system.
INTRODUCTIONIn recent decades, the global warming increases the average temperature of the air and oceans near the earth surface. This problem caused by CO 2 gas and several polluting wastes continuing to affect the lives in the world. In order to overcome this problem, the use of renewable energy and its optimization become a humanity challenge [3]. An attractive solution is to integrate efficient energy storages. The hydrogen is one of most promising vectors to store green energy. In the last years, numerous stations including renewable energy and electrolyser have been developed in order to optimise the electric energy production by increasing the storage capacity. The key idea is to convert the hydrogen into electricity using Fuel Cell (FC) when the renewable energy is off (no wind, no sun). In order to have this fuel, during the high potential periods, the extra renewable energy is converted using a Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) electrolyser into H 2 . The global efficiency and safety of such installations (renewable energy source, fuel cell and electrolyser) lead to important research works in modelling, control [1] and monitoring. More precisely, it is necessary to propose an efficient supervision system. It permits to the user to decide if the hydrogen production station is faulty and if risk for itself and its environment could occur. For example, when sensor or actuator fault is detected, control l...
This paper gives a control oriented modeling of an electrolyzer, as well as the ancillary system for the hydrogen production process, by using Causal Ordering Graph. The control system has also been proposed to manage the power flow and hydrogen flow. The simulation results have highlighted the variation domains and dynamics of physical quantities.
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