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Ubiquitous cyber systems and their supporting infrastructure impact productivity and quality of life immensely. Their penetration in our daily life increases the need for their enhanced resilience and for means to secure and protect them. One major threat is the software monoculture. Latest research work illustrated the danger of software monoculture and introduced diversity to reduce the attack surface. In this paper, we propose a biologically-inspired defense system, ChameleonSoft, that employs multidimensional software diversity to, in effect, induce spatiotemporal software behavior encryption and a moving target defense. The key principles are decoupling functional roles and runtime role players; devising intrinsically-resilient composable online programmable building blocks; separating logic, state and physical resources; and employing functionally-equivalent, behaviorally-different code variants. Given, our construction, ChameleonSoft is also equipped with an autonomic failure recovery mechanism for enhanced resilience. Nodes employing ChameleonSoft autonomously and cooperatively change their recovery and encryption policy both proactively and reactively according to the continual change in context and environment. In order to test the applicability of the proposed approach, we present a prototype of the ChameleonSoft Behavior Encryption (CBE) and recovery mechanisms. Further, using analysis and simulation, we study the performance and security aspects of the proposed system. This study aims to evaluate the provisioned level of security by measuring the level of induced confusion and diffusion to quantify the strength of the CBE mechanism. Further, we compute the computational cost of security provisioning and enhancing system resilience. A brief attack scenario is also included to illustrate the complexity of attacking ChameleonSoft.

This paper investigates a nano-enhanced wireless sensing framework for dissolved oxygen (DO). The system integrates a nanosensor that employs cerium oxide (ceria) nanoparticles to monitor the concentration of DO in aqueous media via optical fluorescence quenching. We propose a comprehensive sensing framework with the nanosensor equipped with a digital interface where the sensor output is digitized and dispatched wirelessly to a trustworthy data collection and analysis framework for consolidation and information extraction. The proposed system collects and processes the sensor readings to provide clear indications about the current or the anticipated dissolved oxygen levels in the aqueous media.

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This paper proposes a novel approach to enhance wireless vehicle-to-vehicle channel-secrecy capacity by imposing signal transmission diversity. This work exploits cooperative vehicular relaying to extract the associated underlying multipath and Doppler diversity using precoding techniques. We evaluated the capacity and diversity gain for the presented approach to ensure its effectiveness and efficiency. The abundance of moving vehicles, operating in an ad hoc fashion, can eliminate the need to establish a dedicated relaying infrastructure. A relay selection scheme is deployed, taking advantage of the potentially large number of available relaying vehicles. Further, we derivate a closed-form mathematical expression for the channel-secrecy capacity, diversity order gain, and the intercept probability. We used the direct transmission scenario as a reference to assess our analysis. Our analytical and simulation results for the presented model showed that channel-secrecy capacity and performance-indicators improved significantly.

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