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Groundwater contamination and the environmental impact of groundwater uprising due to overpumping are critical issues in Egypt. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the groundwater quality and the environmental impacts of groundwater uprising in the Fares area of Aswan, Egypt. The environmental impacts of the uprising groundwater level were investigated through field observations and chemical analyses of the surrounding water resources. The results revealed that the use of flood irrigation systems in the upper, newly reclaimed land area is the main cause of the uprising groundwater levels, which causes remarkable environmental degradation in the urban area. Thirty-three samples were collected and chemically analyzed from three groundwater wells. The chemical characterization of the groundwater at Well 1 drastically changed from NaHCO3 to NaCl within a short period of time due to overdrafting. The chemical concentrations of all parameters showed considerable increasing trends and exceeded the standard limits at Well 1. The study stated that the groundwater overdrafting causes extreme changes in the water quality within a very short period of time along with the impacts on the environment. This condition requires attention from decision makers, as the groundwater quality is continuously decreased and the environment is degraded.

In this study, we have opened a great route to fabricate a high-performance nanocomposite for various functional applications based on the composite of a natural stone. A clay sample (black shale (B.Sh)) was collected from the Abu-Tartur area in Egypt. The black shale was organically modified with organic materials in our laboratory, which is called organic-black shale (O-B.Sh). The samples were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and XRF. These techniques confirmed that the samples have multi-oxide phases with approximately SiO2 at 54.1%, Al2O3 at 24.73%, Fe2O3 at 6.02%, K2O at 1.12%, MgO at 1.09%, and Na2O of 0.09%, as calculated by XRF. The two samples were applied to the adsorption processes of the radioactive technetium materials, which have been used for the medical treatment of the cancer institute of upper Egypt. The adsorption processes were performed at various concentrations of the radioactive material and various amounts of clay samples. The as-collected B.Sh sample showed an adsorption activity of 65%, however, the organically modified materials showed a high adsorption rate toward technetium reaches to 100% in a very short time, and without any further process. The present collected materials are very promising to withdraw the radioactive materials from the saline solution to save human and environmental health. We believe that these multi-compound composites may open a new approach for creating new fabric composites with high performance toward various applications.