Artikel ini menyajikan identifikasi, penilaian dan visualisasi sifat fisik, topografi, morfometrik dan hidrologi daerah aliran sungai kecil di Wilayah Jawa Timur. Empat puluh empat (44) DAS digunakan untuk analisis. Sifat fisik (yaitu, jenis tanah dan penggunaan lahan) diperoleh dengan memotong lapisan GIS dengan batas daerah aliran sungai. Kemudian ASTER G-DEM2 digunakan untuk menurunkan sifat morfometrik daerah aliran sungai. Selain itu, sifat hidrologis diperoleh dengan menganalisis data curah hujan dan debit yang tersedia. Parameter yang dipilih adalah untuk mewakili setiap properti daerah aliran sungai. Akhirnya, korelasi sederhana antara sifat-sifat fisik, topografi, morfometrik, dan hidrologi daerah aliran sungai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa beberapa DAS menunjukkan kesamaan dan perbedaan pada parameter morfometrik dan hidrologi.
Assessing the impact of land use and land cover change (LULCC) on hydrology is essential for water resource management. The Brantas watershed contributes about 30% of the water supply of the East Java region. The present rapid pace of land occupation for agriculture and settlements is expected to continue to alter flow processes within the watershed. This study aims to simulate LULCC and its impact on the hydrological processes of the watershed. The long-term impact of LULCC is evaluated using the Soil & Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The analysis model is calibrated using monthly data series from 1996 to 2005 and then validated using data series from 2006 to 2015. Two editions of maps (2001 and 2015) are then used to calculate the LULCC that took place across this time period. The impacts of LULCC on hydrological processes at the sub-basin level are also evaluated. The results show that the variability of rainfall patterns from 2001 to 2015 strongly affected flow variability. The LULCC from agricultural land to other uses (irrigated rice fields, settlements and forests/plantations) is most evident in three sub-basins (sub-basins 2, 9 and 17). However, each sub-basin may respond differently with respect to the LULCC taking place. The increase in area occupied by each class of land use and cover use (LULC) is not always linear to the observed flow, and widely differing LULC classes may display similar flow responses while classes with similar characteristics may have differing impacts on flows within a sub-basin. In other words, the hydrological processes taking place are too complex to be simplified at the sub-basin level.
Brantas watershed has approximately 14,103 km2 and play an essential role in supplying water for about 30% of the East Java population. Management of water resources in this watershed has become a challenging issue. Conformity of modeling processes and result to mimic the existing hydrological processes is still in question. This study aims to analyze the sensitive parameters of the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model on the watershed. Hydrological processes are observed both monthly and annually. Sensitivity analysis using the SWAT-CUP tool show 18 sensitive parameters. 9 parameters have more than a 50% sensitivity level. 4 are correlated to the soil layer’s runoff generation and water movement. Then, 8 parameters correlated to baseflow calculation. Simulation results illustrate the strong effect of climate change (especially rainfall) on water yield and sedimentation.
Dinoyo sub-watershed is one of the watersheds that drain water from Argopuro Mountain through the Panti and Rambipuji Districts. Land-use changes in the upstream area have reduced the function of water absorption and increased soil erosion. It causes drought during the dry season and flooding during the rainy season which is a characteristic of critical land. This study aims to map the level of criticality of the Dinoyo sub-watershed area and its relationship to nutrient availability. This study used the scoring and weighting method of four main factors that affect the critical value of land (land cover, slope, management, and erosion level). The layers then executed using the Gis program. The result of this analysis produces a land criticality map. Based on the analysis, the up-stream section has high nutrient availability compared to the middle and downstream regions. There are two classes of land criticality, which are rather critical and substantial criticism. The area included in the rather critical was 1,723.34 ha dominated by forest land use. A coffee plantation dominates a sizeable critical area of 2,333.88 ha. From regression analysis showed that organic matter had the most influence on the criticality of land.
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