This paper presents a numerical study of a small-scale cyclone separator performance by means of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The family of Euler-Lagrange approach named multiphase particle-in-cell (MP-PIC) is employed for modelling gas-solid interaction. The three-dimensional small-scale cyclone separator geometry was discretized with hexahedral-dominant mesh. The gas phase is assumed to be a flue gas which density is 0.363 kg/m3 and dynamic viscosity is 7.47E-5 Pa s. The solid particles are catalyst used in a small-scale fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) unit which are having 2400 kg/m3 of density and diameters vary from 90 µm to 130 µm. Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence model was used to accurately predict turbulent flow behaviour of flue gas inside the cyclone. The simulation was performed for 7.82 m/s inlet velocity for both flue gas and catalyst. The pressure drop and catalyst collection efficiency were the variables of interest to be analysed, which were compared to the analytical solutions. It was found that the results generated from numerical simulation using MP-PIC method reflect a good agreement with the analytical solutions.
Despite the successful use of the Standard model in simulating turbulent flow for many industrially relevant flows, the model is still less accurate for a range of important problems, such as unconfined flows, curved boundary layers, rotating flows, and recirculating flows. As part of the authors’ effort to extend the model applicability and reliability, this paper aims to study the effects of diffusivity parameter called the turbulent Prandtl number of dissipation rate () on the Standard model performance for predicting recirculating flow in a crossflow water turbine. The value of this parameter was varied from 0.5 to 1.5 in the CFD simulations, and the results were compared to the more sophisticated model, namely the RNG , which has been first qualitatively validated by an experimental result. In addition, the parameter value was also adjusted using the Multi-Linear Regression (MLR) method ranging from 0.42 to 1.5 to complement the CFD simulations. It was observed that reducing the value is effective in minimizing the average deviation of the turbulence properties concerning the RNG model. However, the adjusted model still faces difficulty in accurately predicting the pressure and velocity field. Based on this result, adjusting the constant in the Standard turbulence model has the potential to improve the model performance for modelling recirculating flow in terms of the turbulence properties, but still needs further investigation for the flow properties.
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