One method of extending postharvest shelf-life is the use of edible coatings. Such coatings are made of edible materials that are used to enrobe fresh produce, providing a semipermeable barrier to gases and water vapour. Guavas cultivated at Aguascalientes, Mexico were coated with a solution of one of the following polymers: Potato starch, sodium alginate, carragenan, and pectin. The fruit was covered by immersion in the solution at 50°C, then dried at 50°C during 30 minutes. After coating, the maturation process was compared to uncoated fruit. The evaluation of the functional properties of the edible coatings was done by measurement of the barrier properties of edible films to water vapour (gravimetric method) and to aroma compounds (dynamic method). The results showed an increase of the fruit's shelf-life with at least three days compared to the uncoated fruit, at 25°C and 50-70% R.H. The highest efficiency preserving the fruit was obtained with potato starch and pectin based coatings, increasing the preservation of the sensorial characteristics of the fruit (size, yellow colour and aroma) with 15 days.
ABSTRACT The changes of people consumtion patterns demands a healthier bread product and tends to be organic food without use synthetic food additives that brings various consequences to health. This condition leads to the development of food additives which has effectiveness equivalent to synthetic food additive but safe for health especially if consumed long term. Lactic acid bacteria is a bacteria that hass been widely used in fermented food production process. Making bread using lactic acid bacteria begins with sourdough or acid dough consisting of flour and water fermented with lactic acid bacteria either derived from a particular natural contaminant from flour or from a starter culture containing one or more known lactic acid bacteria. Various product of actic acid bacteria metabolism such as lactic acid, acetic acid, exopollysaccharide and antimicrobial compounds such as bacteriocin make lactic acid bacteria application in baking process have to the potential to improve microbiological quality and bread shelf-life. This research aims to study the effect of lactic acid bacteria addition as a natural preservative in the baking process. The ability of lactic acid bacteria to evolve naturally from fermented flour and water promises the potential for easy sourdough preparation and can be used continuously as a natural preservative that will save production cost. The parameters to be determined include evaluation of lactic acid bacteria and yeast growth on dough and determination of moisture content as well as total bacteris, mold and E.coli an bread. Key words: bread, lactic acid bacteria, preservatives, shelf-life, food safety ABSTRAK Pergeseran pola konsumsi masyarakat menuntut adanya produk roti yang lebih sehat dan cenderung bersifat organik tanpa penggunaan Bahan Tambahan Makanan (BTM) sintetis yang membawa berbagai konsekuensi terhadap kesehatan. Kondisi ini mengarah pada berkembangnya pencarian BTM yang memiliki efektifitas yang setara dengan BTM sintetis namun aman bagi kesehatan terutama jika dikonsumsi jangka panjang. Bakteri Asam Laktat (BAL) merupakan golongan bakteri yang telah digunakan secara luas dalam proses produksi makanan fermentasi. Pembuatan roti menggunakan BAL diawali dengan sourdough atau adonan asam yang terdiri atas tepung dan air yang difermentasi dengan BAL baik yang berasal dari kontaminan alami tertentu dari tepung atau dari suatu kultur starter yang mengandung satu atau lebih BAL yang sudah diketahui jenisnya. Berbagai produk hasil metabolisme BAL seperti asam laktat, asam asetat, eksopolisakarida dan senyawa antimikroba seperti bakteriosin menjadikan aplikasi BAL pada proses pembuatan roti berpotensi meningkatkan kualitas mikrobiologis dan daya simpan roti. Penelitian ini secara khusus bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh penambahan BAL sebagai pengawet alami dalam proses pembuatan roti. Kemampuan BAL untuk berkembang secara alami dari tepung dan air yang difermentasi menjanjikan potensi penyediaan sourdough yang mudah dibuat dan dapat digunakan secara kontinyu sebagai pengawet alami sehingga akan menghemat biaya produksi. Parameter yang akan ditentukan meliputi evaluasi pertumbuhan BAL dan yeast pada adonan dan penentuan kadar air serta total bakteri, kapang dan E. coli pada roti. Kata kunci: roti, bakteri asam laktat, pengawet, daya simpan, keamanan pangan.
ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to find out the characteristics of corn yogurt from several varieties of corn. This study was an experimental study using a Complete Randomized Design consisting of 1 factor, that was the type of corn variety (white pulut, purple pulut and provit A). The results showed that type of corn variety gave a real different effect on the pH, total lactic acid bacteria, taste, aroma and appearance of yogurt. Purple Pulut variety was the best treatment based on pH value of 3.88, the highest total Lactic Acid Bacteria was 8.7 CFU/ml logs, appearance that meets sni requirements that were viscous, taste and aroma that can be accepted by panelists. ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik kimia, mikrobiologis dan sensoris yoghurt jagung dari beberapa varietas jagung. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap yang terdiri dari 1 faktor yaitu jenis varietas jagung (pulut putih, pulut ungu dan provit A). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jenis varietas jagung memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda nyata terhadap pH, total bakteri asam laktat, rasa, aroma dan kenampakan yogurt. Penggunaan varietas Jagung Pulut Ungu merupakan perlakuan terbaik berdasarkan nilai pH 3,88, total Bakteri Asam Laktat tertinggi yaitu 8,7 log CFU/ml, kenampakan yang memenuhi persyaratan SNI yaitu kental serta rasa dan aroma yang dapat diterima oleh panelis.
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