This chapter presents the costs and benefits of integrating aquaculture with rice farming in Bangladesh during the rainfed and irrigated seasons. The analysis is based on data collected from 256 farmer-implemented on-farm trials and a survey of 47 households that have independently adopted integrated rice-fish farming. On average, farmers obtained a fish production of 233 and 184 kg/ha-1 during the rainfed and irrigated seasons, respectively, with a net benefit of Tk4948 (US$1=Taka40.28) during the former season and Tk4799/ha-1 during the latter season. Rice yields were higher in 82.4% of the integrated farms compared to farms with only rice. The survey indicated that adoption was by the relatively well off farmers with larger land holdings, higher cropping intensity and higher literacy, as was the case in the early years of the green revolution.

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