Metal-organic framework (MOF) such as ZIF-8 is the tremendous porous material applied in many fields due to high specific surface area and excellent regularity of pores. One technique to improve the physical properties of ZIF-8 with the formation of a composite between a metal oxide and MOF. ZIF-8 and ZIF-8/ 2 3 were successfully synthesized by the solvothermal method with an variation of 19%, 38%, and 76%. The ZIF-8/ 2 3 were characterized by XRD, FTIR, SEM, and 2 Physisorption. The diffractogram shows that the appearing of ZIF-8's peak on 2θ = 7.26; 10.41, 12.66, 16.41, and 17.95°. The morphological of ZIF-8 crystals had a cubic shape. Then the ZIF-8/ 2 3 had different shapes with ZIF-8. Based on the FTIR result, the Zn-N peak appears on 420 −1 , which indicates the bonding between metal and organic ligand for ZIF-8/ 2 3 has an additional spike on 825 −1 due to the vibration of − − .
Harvesting microalgae is an important process to be carried out in the production of biodiesel from microalgae. The method of harvesting by filtration technique provides many advantages over other methods. Polymer is a membrane material that is often used for harvesting microalgae. However, polymer membranes have limited hydrophobic properties, thus, modification was needed to improve the hydrophilic properties and performance of polymer membranes. The polyvylene fluoride (PVDF) flat-sheet membrane has advantages over other membrane materials which are rated with a flux rate of 67.3 L / m2h and a rejection value of 100%. Then, the development with hollow fiber modulation on the PVDF membrane was considered very suitable, which was reported to have succeeded in increasing the membrane flux in the harvest of Scenedemus Acuminatus reaching up to 5136 L / m2h. The addition of PVDF with the inorganic additive LiCl was successful in increasing its hydrophilicity as the water permeation size increased up to 542 L / m2h. In addition, the use of triethyl phosphate (TEP) as a solvent is more environmentally friendly and compatible with PVDF membranes. As a result, it can increase membrane porosity by up to 92.7%. Apart from improving the membrane material, this review also reports the design and economic analysis to produce an effective and efficient of polymeric membranes for microalgae harvesting.
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