Background. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) clones of Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) have been increasingly documented in community-acquired and nosocomial infections all around the globe. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) are a rapidly evolving group of β-lactamase enzymes derived from SHV genes by mutations. This research work aimed to investigate and analyze the widespread prevalence of Kpn antibiotic resistance in different areas of the southern part of Bangladesh. Methods. This particular study was executed and implemented by using 501 clinical samples or isolates from two different hospitals in Chattogram. The disk diffusion method was used to detect Kpn’s sensitivity to 16 antibiotics in a drug susceptibility test. By using the PCR technique, the widespread prevalence of antibiotic-resistant gene blaSHV-11 was studied. Sequencing along with phylogenetic analysis was utilized to verify isolates with the blaSHV-11 gene. Results. Almost all of the Kpn isolates were spotted to be antibiotic-resistant. These Kpn isolates were resistant to β-lactams, aminoglycosides, and quinolones at high levels. The spatial analysis displayed that infections involving Kpn were more common in the urban areas (70%) than in the rural areas (30%). Neonates had substantially higher levels (
p
<
0.001
) of resistance to multidrug than other age groups. Cefepime was identified as the most frequent antibiotic-resistant to all age groups (56.68%). The highest numbers of resistant isolates (36.92%) were found in urine samples. The ESBL gene blaSHV-11 was found in 38% isolates. Conclusion. The significant frequency of MDR Kpn harboring β-lactamases and AMR genes strongly suggests the requirement to develop effective antimicrobial resistance control and prevention measures in Bangladesh.
The consumption of fruit juices may affect both positively and negatively the health status
of the consumers. When processed under a hygienic condition it could improve
consumers' health by preventing various types of diseases. On the contrary, in absence of
good manufacturing practices considering the nutritional affluence of fruit juices makes
the product good middling for microbial growth and vehicle of foodborne pathogens. The
current study was undertaken to determine the microbiological traits of the vended fruit
juices collected from different areas of Dhaka city, Bangladesh. A total of twenty juice
samples particularly of four categories such as lemon, sugarcane, malta and watermelon
were analyzed for the detection of total viable bacterial load, coliforms, and some other
pathogenic bacteria. In these samples, total viable bacteria were within the array between
104
-107CFU/mL. Total coliforms (both Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp.) were found
in 50% of the samples, alarmingly all exceeding the standard bacteriological limits
(1.0×104 CFU/mL) recommended for fruit juices. Among the pathogenic bacteria
Salmonella spp. and Vibrio spp. were detected. All these bacterial isolates were detected
through standard cultural, microscopic and biochemical tests. A varying degree of drug
resistance among the isolates was observed against Amoxycillin, Ampicillin,
Azithromycin, Erythromycin, Imipenem and Vancomycin. Overall, the study indicated
that the quality of vendor fresh juices was not up to the mark. That’s why there is a
continuous need for the microbiological assessment of these popular ready-to-drink
products otherwise they may create potential health hazards.
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