Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients with chronic kidney disease was difficult in the past because of the use of interferon (IFN). It was associated with high risk IFN-related adverse reactions due to reduced renal clearance of IFN. This study aimed to evaluate the antiviral efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir/ribavirin in chronic kidney disease patients infected with chronic HCV. This observational, open-label prospective study was carried out on 103 patients infected chronic HCV with different grades of renal impairment. Paritaprevir/ritonavir and ombitasvir (75/50/12.5 mg) twice daily plus ribavirin were given to the patients for 12 weeks. Dose adjustment of ribavirin was done according to degree of renal impairment. Sustained virological response (12 weeks after the end of treatment) occurred in 101 patients (98.1%). Anemia occurred in 48 patients. No serious adverse events were observed in any patient. Paritaprevir/ritonavir and ombitasvir plus ribavirin for 12 weeks was considered to be safe and effective in the treatment of chronic HCV infected patients with varying degrees of renal impairment.
Background &Aims: The utility of ultrasound and color Doppler in diagnosis and assessment of the activity of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is not studied enough. So, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the value of conventional abdominal ultrasound and color Doppler in the diagnosis of IBD and assessing disease activity. Methods: The study was conducted in National Hepatology and Tropical Medicine Research institute (NHTMRI) in the period between July, 2018 and January, 2019; where 150 patients suffering from diarrhea, dysentery, tenesmus or bleeding per rectum were evaluated by colonoscopy, high resolution ultrasonography and color Doppler scanning. Results: The present study was conducted on 150 patients, where 84 (56%) had Ulcerative colitis (UC) disease, 16 (10.7%) were Crohn's disease (CD) and 50 (33.3%) had normal colonosopic findings with their mean age was (37.2±9.059). The superior mesenteric artery (SMA) peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) was significantly higher in both UC and CD than the control group; however, pulsatility index (PI) was significantly higher in the control group than both UC and CD however there was no significant difference between UC and CD. The inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) PSV and EDV was significantly higher in both UC and CD than the control group. Conclusions: Doppler sonographic findings of SMA and IMA correlate with the incidence of IBD and their site of affection and their activity.
Background & Aims This research aimed to determine how variations in the vitamin D receptor gene affected the response of H. pylori infections to eradication therapy. Patients and Methods On 105 adult H. Pylori -positive patients, a prospective cohort study was carried out. PCR was used to genotype all patients’ VDR gene polymorphisms. The patients in the study received standard triple eradication medication (clarithromycin 500 mg, amoxicillin 1000 mg, and omeprazole 20 mg) twice daily for 14 days. A stool test for H. pylori Ag was conducted 4 weeks following the end of treatment. Results In our study, the usual triple therapy’s H. pylori eradication rate was 75.2%. The successful eradication of H. pylori and VDR rs 2228570 gene polymorphisms was more prevalent in CT gene polymorphism (64.6%) compared to non-responders (19.2%), while treatment failure was more prevalent in CC gene polymorphism (73.1% in non-responders compared to responders 24.1%), which is statistically significant. In regards to the eradication of H. pylori and VDR rs7975232 gene polymorphisms, the success of eradication was more prevalent in AC gene polymorphism (54.4%) vs non-responders (30.4%), while all patients (14) with gene AA (17.7%) are responders to standard treatment, while the failure of treatment was more prevalent in CC gene polymorphism (69.2% in non-responder vs 27.8% in responders) which is statistically significant. Our findings demonstrated a strong correlation between patients’ responses to H. pylori treatment and polymorphisms in the VDR gene (ApaI and TaqI) (P 0.05). Conclusion As far as we are aware, this is the first study to identify a potential link between the FokI and Apal VDR polymorphism and treatment response in H pylori -positive patients. To evaluate the findings, more research with larger number of patients and different population is required.
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