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Aim: The study was done to evaluate the antibacterial effect of a new formula of Salvadora persica roots Nanoparticles as compared to sodium hypochlorite irrigating solution. Methods: A total of 20 recently extracted single-rooted, with single root canal were selected to be used in the study. Decapitation of the selected teeth for 18 mm length standardization was done. The root canals were initially instrumented using manual instrumentation till reach file size 25 for apical preparation. Sterilization of the samples was done using gamma rays. Following sterilization, the samples were divided into two groups (n=10) according to the tested irrigating solution used as follow; Group H: For Salvadora persica roots nanoparticles. Group S: For 2% sodium hypochlorite. The chemo-mechanical preparation was accomplished using Revo-S rotary system in a crowndown technique with the file sequence that was recommended by the manufacturers. Pre and postirrigation counting of the E. Fecalis was done by determining the Colony Forming Unit. Results: The highest mean value of percentage changes in bacterial reduction was found in (Group S) (95.99%) and the least bacterial reduction percentage was found in (Group H) (82.83% with no statistically significant difference between both groups (P-value=0.068). Conclusion: Under the condition of this study, the new formula of Salvadora persica roots nanoparticles is a promising irrigating solution of herbal origin instead of the synthetic irrigating solution.

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Aim: This study was designed to evaluate dentin bond strength by push-out test of three root canal sealers (IRoot SP, AH Plus, and MTA Fillapex endodontic sealers) with cold gutta-percha lateral obturation technique using push-out test. Methods: A total of 57 human freshly extracted mandibular premolar teeth for orthodontic reason were used in this study. All samples were decoronated 16±1mm from the apex and prepared using step-back technique up to master apical file # 40. The specimens were divided randomly into three groups (19 teeth each) according to the type of sealers used; Group 1(IRoot SP), Group 2(AH Plus sealer), and Group 3 (MTA Fillapex sealer). Each group was obturated with cold gutta-percha lateral obturation technique. The specimens were incubated for 7 days at 37 o C with 100% humidity. Three sections of 2 mm thickness were obtained at 3, 7 and 11mm from the apex to represent apical, middle and coronal third respectively. The push-out bond strength was determined for each root slice. Values were recorded, tabulated for each group and statistically analyzed. Results: IRoot SP showed the highest mean value of push-out bond strength (7.3±0.2), followed by AH Plus (6.8±0.1) while MTA Fillapex showed the lowest mean value of push-out bond strength (2.9±0.3). Conclusions: IRoot SP and AH plus sealers had greater resistance to push-out than MTA Fillapex sealer.