Contact transscleral PDT with the treatment parameters used in this study results in significant but temporary functional and morphological alteration in pigmented rabbits ciliary body.
Purpose To investigate the effect of intravitreal ketorolac tromethamine in chronic post‐operative cystoid macular edema.
Methods Six patients diagnosed with chronic post‐operative CME non responsive in conventional therapies, were enrolled. 2 patients received 2 intravitreal injections of 300 μg (0.05ml) of ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol) with a 3‐week interval, three patients received 4 consecutive injections of 500 μg (0.05ml) weekly and 3 patients received 4 consecutive injections of 500 μg (0.05ml) daily. Patients were followed by means of biomicroscopy, fluorescein angiography and optical coherent tomography. Follow‐up lasted up to six months.
Results No adverse effect was noticed in any of the patients. A trend for visual acuity improvement and macular edema regression was noticed after initiation of the therapy. A rebound of the edema happened usually a week after the last injection. In the long follow‐up regression of the macular edema was noticed in three out of six patients.
Conclusion This pilot study indicates a possible role of intravitreal injection of ketorolac tromethamine in patients with chronic postoperative cystoid macular edema. Further research is warranted in order to obtain conclusive results concerning doses and timing of injections.
Purpose After branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO), the retinal territory affected by the occlusion becomes hypoxic and the arterioles crossing this territory are often constricted. The purpose of the current experimental animal study is to investigate the effect of intravitreal juxta‐arteriolar microinjection of L‐lactate on the retinal arteriolar diameter following acute BRVO in minipigs.
Methods Under general anesthesia, 9 eyes of 9 minipigs were evaluated. Argon laser endo‐photocoagulation was used to create BRVO. Two hours after BRVO, an intravitreal juxta‐arteriolar microinjection of 50 µl L‐lacate 1 mM (pH=7.4) was performed. The procedure was recorded in real time and retinal arteriolar diameter changes were measured in vivo using a Retinal Vessel Analyzer.
Results Two hours after BRVO, the retinal arteriolar diameter decreased from 210 ± 16 AU to 183 ± 14 AU in the affected territories (p=0.04). Five minutes following L‐lactate juxta‐arteriolar microinjection, the retinal arteriolar diameter increased to 241 ± 16 AU (p< 0.01). The vasodilatory effect of L‐lactate persisted and remained significant till the end of the study period (243 ± 15 AU at 30 min, p<0.01).
Conclusion We measured a significant vasodilation after intravitreal juxta‐arteriolar L‐lactate microinjection in eyes with experimental BRVO. L‐lactate microinjection can be of potential interest in acute BRVO, reversing the arteriolar vasoconstriction, thus leading to increase of the retinal arteriolar blood flow and possibly to improvement of the retinal cellular function in the occluded territory.
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