We calculate the magnetic moment caused by the persistent currents in polygonal carbon nanotube tori by the tight binding model. The polygonal CNT tori are formed by introducing heptagonal and pentagonal defects along the inner hole and outer fringe, respectively. We found a new type of large paramagnetic persistent current caused by the semi-metallic band structures of the
Wetting force at three-phase line was measured by the Wilhelmy technique using fibrous solids/liquid/liquid systems. Advancing and receding contact angles were calculated from the wetting forces du~lg fiber immersion and emersion. The obtained results showed that contact angle hysteresis was due to the heterogeneity of the fiber surfaces. The dispersive and polar components of surface free energies of the fibers were determined from the advancing and receding contact angles, respectively. The Hamaker constants of the fibers were estimated from the dispersive components of their surface free energies.
Molecular vibration of several modes in blue-phase polydiacetylene-3-butoxycarbonylmethylurethane (PDA-3BCMU) was real-time observed by 5-fs pump-probe measurement. The contribution of the vibrational wave packets in the ground state and in the excited state in the signal were separated by multichannel measurement. The C v C stretching mode in the ground state starts to oscillate -out-of-phase with the C w C stretching mode. The structure of PDA-3BCMU in the geometrically relaxed state is not pure butatriene type but more like acetylene type. The frequencies of C v C and C w C stretching modes there were determined by singular value decomposition method to be 1472± 6 cm −1 and 2092± 6 cm −1 , respectively. The double and triple bond stretching frequencies in the ground state are 1463± 6 cm −1 and 2083± 6 cm −1 , respectively.
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