Minimally invasive surgeries use small incisions through needles for operations to be conducted from outside the patient's body. Therefore, an accurate map of the distribution of tissues in real-time is critical to ensure patient safety. In this work, we explore all optical sensing methods as simple, fast, and economic alternatives to commercial imaging modalities. Simulated tissues have been prepared using gelatin to conduct optical characterization experiments. Transmission and fluorescence spectra on homogenous and heterogenous gelatin with different concentrations would be reported, with a focus on developing an optoelectronic technique for mapping of tissue distribution. Finally, this technique would be validated through real-time needle insertion experiment into a gelatin sample to track the spectral data of the tissue environments. This work could help track biological tissues where the spectral data could help surgeons visualize the needle-tissue environments in real-time.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.