Hydrodynamic behaviors of single system of particles were investigated in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) unit. Particles belonging to Geldart groups A and B like sand of various sizes (80, 300, 417, 522, 599, and 622 µm), FCC catalyst (120 µm), iron ore (166 and 140 µm), and coal (335 and 168 µm) were used to study the hydrodynamic characteristics. Superficial air velocity used in the present study ranged between 2.01 and 4.681 m/s and corresponding mass fluxes were 12.5-50 kg/(m 2 s). A CFB needs the creation of some special hydrodynamic conditions, namely a certain combination of superficial gas velocity, solids circulation rate, particle diameter, density of particle, etc. which can give rise to a state wherein the solid particles are subjected to an upward velocity greater than the terminal or free fall velocity of the majority of the individual particles. The hydrodynamics of the bed was investigated in depth and theoretical analysis is presented to support the findings. Based on gas-solid momentum balance in the riser, a distinction between apparent and real voidage has been made. The effects of acceleration and friction on the real voidage have been estimated. Results indicated a 0.995 voidage for higher superficial gas velocity of 4.681 m/s.
A study was conducted to explore the hydrodynamic behaviors using both Geldart group A and B materials in a circulating fluidized bed unit consisting of fast column (riser) of 0.1016 m i.d. and 5.62 m height. The materials tested were 120 µm of the fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) catalyst, 166 µm of iron ore, 215 µm of coal and five types of sand particles, ranging in size from 300 to 622 µm. The superficial air velocity ranged between 2.01 and 4.681 m/s and solid fluxes of 12.5-50 kg/m 2 s. Riser static pressure profiles were measured for the FCC catalyst, coal, iron ore and sand particles. Acceleration lengths were determined from the data, and using these and other data from the literature two correlations for the acceleration length were established for Geldart's group A and B particles.
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