In the concept of Nawa Cita, “developing village and urban,” ex transmigration village has important role as initiator in developing economic area and it is expected to be able to create relation (bridging) and contribute in the development of surrounding areas. This research is triggered by that idea, so its aims are to describe : how can the social capital push the development of the area through the perspective of ex transmigration village and local village (bonding)?, how is the bridging- linking pattern created between ex transmigration village and local village, how is linking created institutionally between ex transmigration village and local and central governments. This research conducts qualitative and simple quantitative analysis with the case study of 104 villages (24 ex. Transmigration villages, 80 local villages) in Pelalawan Regency, Riau Province. This research uses potential data and level of village development and level of village poverty and strengthened by related researches and later it is analyzed in descriptive analysis. The result shows that ex transmigration villages develop well, better then local village due to the existence of strong social capital bonding. In other side, the development of village area of ex transmigration village is enclaved and the bridging with the local village is not created, which leads to imbalance development between ex transmigration program which brings ex-transmigration village having better competitive ability.
The Goals of this research are to identify and analyze the local knowledge of Aikit tribe's society in managing the environment related with the value orientation. Utilization of Mangrove forest by Akit tribe is in separable from the role of knowledge system. The conception of values which are the basis of human acts are stored with in the framework of knowledge. According to Kluckhohn, there are orientation values of culture possessed by society 1) the meaning of human life, 2) the meaning of human relationships with others, 3) the problem of human perception about time, 4) Nature of work, 5) the problem of human relationships with nature. This study describes local knowledge of Akit tribe community inexploiting nature where there is an exchange between the nature of work and the condition of nature damage. Akit tribe utilizes mangrove forest as their livelihood as supplier of mangrove wood at Panglong Arang. This research uses qualitativedescriptive, with 6 informants and 4 key informants. Data obtained through interviews conducted in the Berancah village Bengkalis. The results of this study show that local knowledge of Akit Tribe people based on the concep to value orientation has its own definition according to local aspect. It has a relationship in the pattern of acting in the face of nature, therefore it is necessary to pay attention on local knowledge, especially in the value of the essence of the very closely related work with the existence of mangrove forests, and utilize mangrove timber wisely so that the preservation of forest in the coastal areas are well preserved.
Local knowledge of the Akit tribe community in utilizing nature has a trade-off between the nature of fulfilling the needs of life and the conditions of natural sustainability, the Akit Tribe of Berancah village utilizes mangrove forest as their livelihood as a supplier of Mangrove wood to Panglong Charcoal. Using qualitative-descriptive methods, this research involved 6 informants namely the Akit Tribe community and 4 key informants including Batin. Through interviews with research subjects in Berancah village, Bengkalis Regency, it shows that the local knowledge of the Akit Tribe community based on the value orientation concept has its own definitions according to local aspects. It has a relationship in the pattern of acting in the face of nature, therefore it is necessary to focus on local knowledge, especially in intrinsic values regarding to the work that is very closely related to the existence of mangrove forests, for their using of mangrove wood wisely brings the preservation of forests in coastal areas to be well maintained. Bengkalis Regency, it shows that the local knowledge of the Akit Tribe community based on the value orientation concept has its own definitions according to local aspects. It has a relationship in the pattern of acting in the face of nature, therefore it is necessary to focus on local knowledge, especially in intrinsic values regarding to the work that is very closely related to the existence of mangrove forests, for their using of mangrove wood wisely brings the preservation of forests in coastal areas to be well maintained. Bengkalis Regency, it shows that the local knowledge of the Akit Tribe community based on the value orientation concept has its own definitions according to local aspects. It has a relationship in the pattern of acting in the face of nature, therefore it is necessary to focus on local knowledge, especially in intrinsic values regarding to the work that is very closely related to the existence of mangrove forests, for their using of mangrove wood wisely brings the preservation of forests in coastal areas to be well maintained.
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