Phosphorus (P) is one of the most essential macronutrients for plant growth and development. Most of the soils in the world contain insoluble P that cannot be utilized by the plants. Phosphate solubilizing fungi (PSF) including Talaromyces pinophilus possess more potential for providing available P in soil for plant nutrition. There is no report regarding P solubilization potential among the different strains of T. pinophilus. The article aimed to compare the Phosphorous solubilization capabilities of 17 Talaromyces pinophilus fungal strains, in order to determine the best options for environmentally friendly fertilizers. The P solubilization efficiency of the fungal strains was investigated in broth containing insoluble Ca3(PO4)2, AlPO4 and FePO4 compounds. Result showed that Ca3(PO4)2 was solubilized the most followed by AlPO4 and FePO4. The strains SI-17URAgr, NBRC 6345 and NBRC 100533 have strong abilities to solubilize Ca3(PO4)2, but SI-19URAgr could solubilize both AlPO4 and FePO4. These results also imply that the strains SI-4URAgr and JCM 22801 have the potential to solubilize AlPO4 and FePO4, respectively. Although the P solubilization by different strains were source dependent, the strains SI-17URAgr, NBRC 6345 and NBRC 100533 were proved to be potential for solubilizing P from three sources tested. Solubilized P was negatively correlated with pH of the medium. This study suggested that these strains have a great potential as eco-friendly biofertilizers for sustainable soil management and crop production.
Using the multipoles method, we formulate the problems of diffraction
(both surge and heave) of water waves by a submerged prolate spheroidal
body in deep water with an ice-cover, with the ice-cover being modelled
as an elastic plate of very small thickness. It investigates the linear
hydrodynamic diffraction problem by prolate spheroidal body and obtained
the analytical solution for the associated boundary value problem. The
structural model is a spheroidal with its polar axis greater than its
equatorial diameter, subjected to the action of incident wave. The
hydrodynamic forces (Surge and heave exciting forces) are obtained and
depicted graphically against the wave number for various parameters and
also the flexural rigidity of the ice-cover to show the effect of the
presence of ice-cover on these quantities. When the flexural rigidity is
taken to be zero, the numerical results for the forces for water with
free surface are recovered.
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