The fifty-two sandy and multilayer reservoir from depth 500 – 1750 m in Mamburungan field became more challenging when electric submersible pumps (ESP) were used. The average 2 – 7 m range net pay height in each layer contrasts with sand production for screen implementation in reducing productivity index. Multilayer reservoirs result requires various types of ESP design based on depth. As a result, a reliable method is needed to produce the well effectively and economically.
The production method was divided into two basic concerns. Firstly, determining reservoir analysis with loose sand reservoir at 500 – 1000 m depth, and consolidated sand reservoir at 1000 -1750 m depth, Secondly, designing ESP which could accommodate all layers, which are divided into two main zones, i.e. the optimum design zone at 1200 – 1750 m depth and the overdesigned zone at 500 – 1200 m depth. In an overdesigned zone attention must be paid to choke installation to limit production rate, the safety factor for motor temperature specifications based on reservoir temperature, and also the safety factor for power specifications in variable speed drive (VSD) and transformer.
Currently, all ESP wells in Mamburungan field are producing without failure and the ESP operation is running smoothly by implementing the aforementioned production method. In the optimum design zone, no ESP performance issues have been raised. Meanwhile in the overdesigned zone, potential performance issues might not be arise by adhering to certain rules: application of choke to control the production rate within up thrust and down thrust area; implementation of additional 40 percent safety factor in motor temperature specification refer to the deepest layer temperature; design of VSD and transformer to provide sufficient power consumption based on motor requirement at the deepest layer. Applying the overdesigned method delivers an optimum trade-off between lifetime, cumulative production, economic value with ESP system efficiency to produce the well in Mamburungan field.
Reservoirs in Indonesia have been widely used as floating net cages, including in the Riam Kanan Reservoir. The use of the reservoir as a floating net cage has affected the quality of water in the reservoir. The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical and chemical quality of water in the Riam Kanan reservoir due to floating net cages cultivation activities. This study used a purposive random sampling method, with the sampling location determined based on the density of floating net cage cultivation with a total of 8 points and a depth of 2 m, 6 m, and 8 m, respectively. The physical value of water was obtained by direct measurement and the chemical value of water is obtained from the measurement results in the laboratory. The data analysis in this research was the descriptive analysis where the data were obtained from the tables and graphs. The results of the research on the physical-chemical quality of water in the Riam Kanan Reservoir show that the physical values of water such as temperature, smell, taste, and color in the waters of the Riam Kanan Reservoir were still within the normal condition. The value of pH has a value of about 7.18-7.76. The value of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) was about 3.76 mg/l-6.14 mg/l. Nitrate value is about 0.002 mg/l-0.4099 mg/l. The nitrite value was about 0.0012 mg/l-0.0034 mg/l. Ammonia content was about 0.1643 mg/l-0.5132 mg/l. The levels of pH, DO, nitrate, and nitrate were a normal category, but the ammonia level was in the dangerous category. The chemical content increased with the depth of the water, due to the influence of the used feed deposited.
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