In the present study, the outcome of the surgically treated Weber type B fractures caused by supination external rotation injury was comparable in both groups. The antiglide plate fixation showed no signs of peroneal tendinopathy, low rate of complications. We believe this technique is safe and a good method of fixation as well as traditional lateral plating.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to specify the optimal lengths of the distal locking screws (in a female population undergoing distal radius fracture fi xation with a volar locking plate) to avoid damaging the dorsal extensor tendon compartments while preserving stability. METHODS: Twenty-fi ve female adult patients underwent volar locking plate fi xation with four 2.4 mm locking screws inserted distally. Our modifi ed dorsal tangential fl uoroscopic view (DTV) was taken perioperatively followed by postoperative CT scans to compare the accuracy in determining the distal screw lengths. RESULTS: Our modifi ed DTV was 88 %, 84 %, 88 %, and 76 % sensitive in detecting screw lengths in the fi rst, second, third, and fourth distal plate holes, respectively. According to the CT scans, none of the screws were over-penetrated in the third dorsal compartment, over-penetration was found in the second and fourth dorsal compartment. The most-accurate screw lengths in the four most distal plate holes in female distal radius fracture are 14, 20, 20, and 20 mm from the radial to the ulnar aspect. CONCLUSION: In dorsal cortex comminution, when perioperative measuring is imprecise, inserting the mostsuitable distal locking screw for problematic hole and then applying our modifi ed DTV seems to be a simpler and safer option (Tab.

Background. Non-displaced femoral neck fractures are mostly treated with internal fixation, while in dis­placed fractures this surgical option is under debate and the benefits are still not clear. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that affect the treatment of non-displaced and displaced hip fractures using a head-preserving plate. Material and methods. From August 2011 to May 2015, we reviewed eighty-two adult patients who had sustained undisplaced and displaced intracapsular femoral neck fracture treated with a locking plate system with telescoping sliding screws. Fracture reduction, healing rate and implant related complications were primary objectives. Other complications (e.g. avascular necrosis, nonunion, hematoma, infection) and revision surgery were recorded as well. Results. According to the Garden classification system, a total of 51.2% fractures were classified as non-displaced (type 1 and 2) and 48.8% were displaced fractures (type 3 and 4). Anatomic reduction was achieved in 58.5% and valgus in 41.5% of patients and it did not influence the healing. Varus reduction was not observed in any case. The total average complication rate was 18.1%, where screw cutout was the most frequent complication (8.5%). The timing of surgery did not affect the healing of femoral neck fractures. Age over 60 years combined with a displaced fracture was associated with impaired healing potential and a higher complication rate. Revision surgery was performed in 17.1% of patients, mainly those with displaced fractures. Conclusions. 1. The use of a locking plate system with telescoping sliding screws was associated with lower rates of postoperative complications in undisplaced, but also in displaced femoral neck fractures in patients younger 60 years. 2. Patients over 60 years with displaced fractures were more likely to have healing problems and implant failure.

The ability of stem cells to self-renew and differentiate into cell types of different lineages forms the basis of regenerative medicine, which focuses on repairing or regenerating damaged or diseased tissues. This has a huge potential to revolutionize medicine. It is anticipated that in future, stem cell therapy will be able to restore function in all major organs. Intensive research has been on-going to bring stem cell therapy from bench to bedside as it holds promise of widespread applications in different areas of medicine. This is also applicable to orthopaedics, where stem cell transplantation could benefit complications like spinal cord injury, critical bone defects, cartilage repair or degenerative disc disorders. Stem cell therapy has a potential to change the field of orthopaedics from surgical replacements and reconstructions to a field of regeneration and prevention. This article summarizes advances in stem cell applications in orthopaedics as well as discussing regulation and ethical issues related to the use of stem cells.