The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the subgingival aerobic and anaerobic flora of 13 dogs with periodontal disease and the susceptibility of these bacteria to antibiotics currently approved in Italy for treatment of canine infections. Of the anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides fragilis was most frequently isolated, followed by Peptostreptococcus + Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia. Of the aerobic bacteria, alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus was most frequently isolated, often associated with Escherichia coli or Pasteurella multocida. Resistance of anaerobic and aerobic bacteria to various antibiotics was generally high. Anaerobic bacteria appeared to be susceptible to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, doxycycline, and erythromycin; aerobic bacteria appeared to be susceptible to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, erythromycin, gentamycin, and sulfa-trimethoprim. Bacteroides fragilis was resistant to all of the antibiotics tested. The emerging worldwide problem of bacterial resistance to antibiotics resulting from overuse and misuse of antibiotics is discussed.
The aim of this study was to describe and share employment of piezoelectic surgery and 3D printed pre‐operative surgical planning model in cat affected by temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJa). A 3‐year‐old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented feeding problem was submitted for a CT scan of the head in order to investigate clinical TMJa. A 16‐slice multidetector CT scanner was used. CT scan revealed a misshapen, rounded right condylar process, with irregular and reduced TMJ space. A right condylectomy through piezoelectric surgery was performed. In order to plan the best surgical approach, a 3D printed model was used prior the surgery to easy identify the ideal angulation for condylectomy and during the surgery to verify the proper extent of the osteotomy. At 6‐month follow‐up the range of mouth opening is close to normal.
An acquired palatal defect in dogs is a pathologic condition in which there is communication between the oral cavity and nasal cavities, maxillary recesses, or orbits. Many different causes exist and must be considered. Two dogs were presented for severe palatal defects secondary to a foreign body trapped between maxillary dental arches. Numerous techniques have been previously described to repair palatal defects, and the most appropriate choice is based on the clinical features of the defect and information obtained from advanced diagnostic imaging. Acquired palatal defects are not predictable in shape, size, and location; therefore, although the literature contains many different surgical techniques, these are not always reliable. The aim of this article is to describe an innovative surgical approach to repair severe acquired caudal palatal defects in two different dogs.
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